Output the missing integer

Question

You will be given a string. It will contain 9 unique integers from 0-9. You must return the missing integer. The string will look like this:

123456789
 > 0

134567890
 > 2

867953120
 > 4

Answer 1

Python 2, 18 16 bytes

^{+beauty thanks to @Sarge Borsch}

`99066**2`.strip

Try it online!

99066**2 is just a shorter way to generate a string that contains 0~9

Answer 2

Python, 22 bytes

lambda s:-int(s,16)%15

Try it online!

An arithmetic solution. Interprets the input string as hex, negates it, and takes the result modulo 15.

Answer 3

APL (Dyalog), 4 bytes

Derived function

⎕D∘~

⎕D Digits

∘ (ties a left argument to the following dyadic function to create a monadic function)

~ except [the argument]

Try it online!

---

Function train

⎕D~⊢

⎕D Digits

~ except

⊢ the right argument

Try it online!

---

Explicit program

⎕D~⍞

⎕D Digits

~ except

⍞ character input

Try it online!

Answer 4

Haskell, 24 23 bytes

(477-).sum.map fromEnum

Try it online! Usage: (477-).sum.map fromEnum $ "123456890". 477 is the sum of the character codes of the digits 1 to 9, excluding 0. This anonymous function computes 477 minus the sum of all digit character codes to find the missing one.

Turning the char digits to ints is one byte longer:

(45-).sum.map(read.pure)
foldl(\a b->a-read[b])45

Try it online!

Answer 5

Brain-Flak, 48 38 36 + 3 = 39 bytes

10 bytes saved thanks to DJMcMayhem!

((([]())[]{}){()()({}[()])}{}[{{}}])

Try it online!

Explanation

The sum of all the digits in Ascii is 525. This program sums up the input and subtracts it from 525 to get the missing digit.

((([]())[]{}){()()({}[()])}{}      )

Will push 525. This takes advantage of the fact that we know there will be 9 elements of input to begin with. This means that [] evaluates to 9 which allows us to get to large numbers like 525 quickly.

Next we have the bit:

                             [{{}}]

which will sum up the inputs and subtract it from the total.

Answer 6

Jelly, 3 bytes

ØDḟ

Simply filters (ḟ) the input string from “0123456789” (ØD).

Try it online!

Answer 7

Ruby, 14

Sums the ascii codes and subtracts from 48*9+45

->s{477-s.sum}

Use like this

f=->s{477-s.sum}

puts f["123456789"]

Answer 8

JavaScript (ES6), 26

Edit 1 byte save thx @Neil, with a much more smarter trick

Xoring all the values from 1 to 9 gives 1. Xor 1 one more time and the result is 0. So, if any single value is missing, the result will be the missing value.

s=>eval([1,...s].join`^`)

Test

f=s=>eval([1,...s].join`^`)

function go() {

  var i=I.value;
  O.textContent = f(i)
}  

go()

<input oninput='go()' value='012987653' id=I>
<pre id=O></pre>

Answer 9

Retina, 27 21 19 bytes

-6 Thanks to Basic Sunset
-2 Thanks to Martin Ender

.
$*_5$*
+`_1|1_

1

Try it online!

Replace every digit with that many _s and 5 1s:

.
$*_5$*

Remove all of the _s and a 1 for each:

+`_1|1_ 

Count the number of 1s left:

1

Answer 10

Brainfuck, 17 15 bytes

-[-[->-<],]>++.

Try it out here. This solution works on standard Brainfuck (8-bit cells) only, as it relies on wrapping.

It's a rare day when Brainfuck can actually compete, but this challenge just happened to line up with the BF spec pretty well!

Instead of straight-up breaking down this answer, I'd like to step through the iterations I took, because I think it would be more understandable (and more interesting).
Note: this solution is inspired largely by Wheat Wizard's Brain-Flak answer.

Explanation

Step 1, 26 bytes

In his answer, Wheat Wizard pointed out that the sum of the ASCII values from 0-9 sum to 525. And since standard Brainfuck only has a notion of [0,255], this makes the value 525 % 256 = 13. That is to say, subtracting the ASCII values of the input from 13 nets you the missing digit.

The first version of this program was:
1. Put 13 in the first cell
2. Take inputs into the second cell
3. Subtract the second cell from the first cell
4. Jump to 2 if there are inputs remaining
5. Print the first cell

And here's the code for the simple solution:

+++++++++++++ #Set the first cell to 13  
>,            #Take inputs into the second cell  
[[<->-],]     #Subtract the second cell from the first cell and repeat until inputs are over  
<.            #Print the first cell  

Step 2, 19 bytes

As pointed out in his answer, since we know the input will be exactly length 9, we can use that value as a constant, and eliminate that long string of +'s right at the beginning.
It also doesn't matter at what point we add 13 (thanks, commutative property!), so we'll mix it in with the subtraction and printing steps.

,        #Take input to enter the loop
[[->-<], #Subtract the first cell from the second cell 
>+<]     #Add 1 for each input; totaling 9
>++++    #Add the missing 4 to make 13
.        #And print

This was my original answer to this problem, but we can do better.

Step 3, 17 bytes

Interestingly enough, the previous answer works even if we begin with a + instead of a ,

+[[->-<],>+<]>++++.

Brainfuck required something in a cell in order to begin a loop. We naively added that extra 4 in the end, when it could have gone in other places.

-[[->-<],>+<]>++.

With some totally intentional (read: trial and error) loop trickery, starting off the program with a - leads to two interesting results:

1. One gets added to the second cell (saving 1 byte at the end).
2. The loops runs one extra time, totaling 10 instead of 9 (saving another 1 byte).

1 + 10 + 2 = 13, and we end up with the original answer.

Looking back on it, this is probably an excessive write-up for such a simple Brainfuck program.

Step 4, 15 bytes

After thinking about this solution a bit more, I was able to cut off 2 bytes.

I wanted to clarify something about the previous step:
The minus to enter the loop effectively adds 1, but what it's actually doing is subtracting 255 from the second cell (resulting in 1).

It's obvious in retrospect, but subtracting 1 from the first cell is the same as adding 1 to the second cell (because everything in the first cell gets subtracted from the second cell.)

-[-[->-<],]>++.

I was able to remove the ">+<" by adding a "-" at the beginning of the first loop. It has to go there, and not where the ">+<" was, because the program will loop infinitely otherwise.

Answer 11

05AB1E, 6 bytes

45¹SO-

Try it online!

45     # Push 45
  ¹    # push input
   S   # Split
    O  # Sum
     - # Subtract (45 - sum)

Answer 12

Mathematica, 25 bytes

477-Tr@ToCharacterCode@#&

Pure function taking a string as input and returning an integer. Mathematica has long command names and is reluctant to convert between strings and integers, which makes it particularly bad at this challenge. The best I could find was the algorithm from Level River St's Ruby answer, which does a computation based on the total of the ASCII codes of the input string; in Mathematica, this uses only one long command name.

Answer 13

JavaScript (ES6), 31 29 28 22 bytes

s=>(15-`0x${s}`%15)%15

Port of @xnor's Python answer, except that JavaScript only has a remainder operator rather than a modulo operator, so I can't do it in a single step. Edit: Saved 6 bytes thanks to @Arnauld.

Answer 14

Octave, 22 bytes

@(x)setdiff('0':'9',x)

Try it online!

Answer 15

PHP, 27

<?=trim(32043**2,$argv[1]);

uses the trick from Rod's answer to generate a string containing all digits then removes all digits except for the missing one.

---

PHP, 41

for($b=1;$i<9;$b^=$argv[1][$i++]);echo$b;

This one uses xor because I haven't seen it yet.

Answer 16

Bash + coreutils, 19 bytes

I found a shorter bash solution, that uses an interesting checksum approach:

sum -s|dc -e524?--P

Try it online!

Explanation:

The sum command prints a checksum and a block count. I don't know many details, but using the option -s (System V algorithm) will make the checksum equal to the ASCII sum of each input character code. As such, the checksum remains constant when the order of the same input characters changes.

Given 867953120 as test case (last example), here is how the script works:

• sum -s outputs 473 1. If no integer was missing, the checksum would have been 525.
• dc -e524? pushes 524 and then the pipe input. The stack is: 1 473 524. The idea is to subtract the checksum from 525, but since sum outputs 1 as well, I need to work with it.
• --P. After applying the two subtractions (524-(473-1)), the stack is: 52. With 'P' I print the character with that ASCII code: 4, the missing digit.

Answer 17

Fortran 95, 146 128 bytes

function m(s)
character(len=10)::s,t
t='0123456789'
do j=1,10
k=0
do i=1,9
if(s(i:i)==t(j:j))k=1
end do
if(k==0)m=j-1
end do
end

Not very short, I'm afraid.

Ungolfed:

integer function m(s)
    implicit none

    character(len=9)::s
    character(len=10)::t
    integer:: i, j, k

    t='0123456789'
    do j=1,10
        k=0
        do i=1,9
            if (s(i:i) == t(j:j)) k=1
        end do
        if (k==0) m=j-1
    end do

end function m

Answer 18

Bash (+utilities), 22, 19 bytes

• Use seq instead of brace expansion, -3 bytes (Thx @Riley !)

seq 0 9|tr -d \\n$1 

Test

$seq 0 9|tr -d \\n123456789
0

Try It Online!

Answer 19

Google Sheets, 39 33 bytes

Input is entered into cell A1.

Code:

=REGEXEXTRACT(4&2^29,"[^"&A1&"]")

Saved 6 bytes thanks to Steve Kass.

Previous Code:

=REGEXEXTRACT("0123456789","[^"&A1&"]")

Result:

Answer 20

Bash, 36 30 bytes

(fold -1;seq 0 9)|sort|uniq -u

Try it online!

Posting to get golfing tips over this.

Thanks @DigitalTrauma, big fan ;)

fold -1 writes one char of input per line

seq 0 9 writes 0..9 one per line after this.

Those lines are fed to sort and filtered by uniq -u displaying only not duplicated lines.

Answer 21

PowerShell, 30 bytes

param($n)0..9|?{$n-notmatch$_}

Try it online!

Takes input $n, constructs a range 0..9 (i.e., 0, 1, 2 ... 9), then uses a Where-Object clause (the |?{...}) to pull out the number that does regex -notmatch. That's left on the pipeline, output is implicit.

Answer 22

CJam, 5 bytes

A,sq-

Try it online!

A,     e# The range from 0 to 9: [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
  s    e# Cast to a string: "0123456789"
   q   e# The input
    -  e# Remove all characters from the range that are in the input
       e# Implicit output

Answer 23

GNU sed, 36 bytes

Includes +1 for -r

s/$/0123456789/
:
s/(.)(.*)\1/\2/
t

Try it online!

s/$/0123456789/ # Append 0123456789
:               # Start loop
s/(.)(.*)\1/\2/ # remove a duplicate character
t               # loop if something changed

Answer 24

05AB1E, 5 bytes

žhISK

Try it online!

Explanation

žh     # from the string "0123456789"
    K  # remove
  IS   # each digit of the input

Answer 25

Brachylog (2), 5 bytes

ẹ:Ị↔x

Try it online!

Arguably should be shorter (I'm still confused as to why the ẹ is necessary), but this is the best I could do.

Explanation

ẹ:Ị↔x
ẹ      Split the input into a list of characters
 :Ị    Pair that list with the string "0123456789"
   ↔x  Remove all elements of the list from the string

Answer 26

Japt, 6 bytes

¬x n45

Try it online!

Explanation:

¬x n45
   n45     // 45-
¬          //    Split the input into an array "123" → ["1","2","3"]
 x         //    Return the sum of all the items ["1","2","3"] → 6
           // 45 - 6 = output

Answer 27

Common Lisp, 47 bytes

(lambda(s)(- 45(reduce'+ s :key'digit-char-p)))

Ungolfed:

(lambda (s) (- 45 (reduce '+ s :key 'digit-char-p)))

Explaination:

(reduce '+ s :key 'digit-char-p)

This loops through the chars in s, converts them to digits, and adds them. Digit-char-p, conveniently, return the number of the char as its "true" value, so it can be used as a test or a conversion.

(- 45 ...)

Subtract from 45 gives back the digit that was missing from the input.

Answer 28

Cubix, 18 Bytes

5v&;52/ni?@.>!&oW+

Expanded

    5 v
    & ;
5 2 / n i ? @ .
> ! & o W + . .
    . .
    . .

Try it here

Uses the same sort of method as this brain-flak answer.

Create the value -525 on the stack by pushing 5, 2, concatenate, push 5, concatenate and negate.
Then repeatably get input and add until end of input is hit.
Remove the last input, negate(make positive) the last add result, output the character and halt.

The reason for working from -525 up is that the character output is hit for each input iteration. Since the value is negative, nothing is output until the loop is exited and the negative value is made positive.

Answer 29

PHP, 37 bytes

<?=45-array_sum(str_split($argv[1]));

Answer 30

dc, 12 10 bytes

Cdi?B%-B%p

Try the dc version online!

This uses the fact that the sum of the digits from 0 to 9 is 45, which is 1 more than a multiple of 11.

The program works by viewing the input as a base 12 number, finding its remainder when divided by 11, and subtracting that from 12 (to find the missing digit). The only catch is that if 0 or 1 is the missing digit, this would give an answer of 11 or 12, respectively, so I mod out by 11 one additional time at the end to take care of those cases.

---

This yields a short bash solution also:

Bash + Unix utilities, 17 15 bytes

dc -eCdi?B%-B%p

Try the bash version online!