Pyth, 64 bytes

Uses https://stackoverflow.com/a/2163753/4230423 except that a)No cache since Pyth automatically memoizes, b)Prints each instead of appending to list, and c) is translated to Pyth.

M?smg-Gddr1hhS,GHG1Akd,QOgQQWQFNr1hhS,QkKg-QNNI<dKB-=dK)N=kN-=QN

I'll post an explanation of this when I have the time, but here is the corresponding python code:

g=lambda G,H: sum(map(lambda d:g(G-d, d), range(1, (H if H<G else G) + 1))) if G else 1
Q=input()
k,d = Q,random.randrange(g(Q, Q))
while Q:
    for N in range(1, min(k, Q) + 1):
        K = g(Q-N, N)
        if d < K:
            break
        d -= K
    print N
    k=N
    Q -= N

Edit: I finally got around to doing the explanation:

M                Lambda g(G,H)
 ?         G     If G truthy
  s              Sum
   m             Map
    g            Recursive call
     -Gdd        G-d,d
    r            Range
     1           1 to
     h           +1
      hS         First element of sorted (does min)
       ,GH       From G and H
   1             Else 1
A                Double assign
 kd              Vars k and d
 ,               To vals
  Q              Q (evaled input)
  O              Randrange 0 till val
   gQQ           Call g(Q, Q)
WQ               While Q is truthy
 FN              For N in
  r              Range
   1             From one
   h             Till +1
    hS,QK        Min(Q,K)
  Kg             K=g(
   -QN           Q-N
   N             N
  I<dK           If d<k
   B             Break (implicit close paren)
  -=dk           Subtracts d-=k
 )               Close out for loop
 N               Prints N
 =kN             Set k=N
 -=QN            Subtracts Q-=N