Determine if land is fully enclosed by fences

Question

Imagine a two-dimensional array of boolean values, where the 0s represent squares of grass on a rectangular plot of land and the 1s represent fences.

Write a function that accepts the 2D array as an input and determines whether you can travel from any one area of grass to any other area of grass, using only north/east/west/south movements, without running into a fence.

If any area of grass in the array is fully enclosed by fences (meaning you can't travel N/E/W/S to reach every other area of grass in the array) the function should return false; otherwise, it should return true.

Below are two sample arrays you can use as inputs, although your function should be able to handle not just these but any 2D array of boolean values:

0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 
0 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1

(should return true)

0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 0 

(should return false, since the middle 0 in the top row is fully enclosed)

Shortest working code wins. I'll pick the winner after either a week has passed or there have been no new submissions within 24 hours.

Answer 1

APL (39)

{∧/,⊃{⍺∨⊖⍵}/{⍵∨(∧\~⍵)∨⌽∧\⌽~⍵}¨s,⊖¨s←⊂⍵}

Usage:

      board1 board2
 0 0 0 0 0  0 1 0 1 0 
 0 1 0 0 0  0 1 1 0 0 
 0 1 1 1 1  0 0 0 0 0 
 0 0 0 0 0  0 0 0 1 0 
 0 0 0 1 1  1 1 1 1 0 
      {∧/,⊃{⍺∨⊖⍵}/{⍵∨(∧\~⍵)∨⌽∧\⌽~⍵}¨s,⊖¨s←⊂⍵} ¨ board1 board2
1 0

Answer 2

Mathematica, 60 58 chars

f=Max@MorphologicalComponents[1-#,CornerNeighbors->1>2]<2&

---

Usage:

f[{{0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1, 1}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 1}}]

True

f[{{0, 1, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 0}}]

False

Answer 3

Excel VBA, 305 215 Bytes

Yes, haha VBA, but the matrix nature of the problem suggets a practical solution in Excel might be interesting (Plus someone has already submitted an answer in my other languages!). Obviously VBA is not going to be the most succinct, but I think it's reasonable.

This flood fills from an arbitrary starting point then checks if any "grass" left

R is a worksheet range with 1's and 0's representing the fences and grass as defined in the problem. Bonus, the playing field doesn't have to be rectangular or even contiguous.

0 1 1 1 1
0   0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1

For example, would return False. The zeros on the right can't be reached from the zeros on the left. The irregular field doesn't break it.

Function F(R)
L R, R.Find(0)
F = Not IsNumeric(R.Find(0))
End Function

Sub L(R, S As Range)
If S Or IsEmpty(S) Then Exit Sub
S = 1
L R, S.Offset(1, 0)
L R, S.Offset(-1, 0)
L R, S.Offset(0, 1)
L R, S.Offset(0, -1)
End Sub

Some notes on the golfing.

I think some chars could be trimmed if the requirement was inverted in regards to 1 and 0, but not enough to make it worth inverting.

VBA insists on a bunch a whitespace (a = b vs a=b), which doesn't help the char count.

S needs to be explicitly declared as a range. If it's left a variant, it turns into a range value rather than a range.

Maybe a better way to branch the flood? I couldn't come up with a loop that saved any chars to send it N/E/S/W

Edit: rethougt the base case on the flood fill, managed to trim quite a bit off by checking if it's at a base case after recursion rather than preventing the recursion.

Answer 4

Ruby, 202 198 193

a=$<.read.split('
').map(&:split)
f=->x,y{a[x][y]=1
[[-1,0],[1,0],[0,-1],[0,1]].map{|o|d,e=x+o[0],y+o[1]
f[d,e]if a[d]&&a[d][e]==?0}}
f[i=a.index{|x|x.index ?0},a[i].index(?0)]
p !(a.join=~/0/)

Does a flood-fill, then checks to see if there are any 0s left.

Answer 5

PHP 147 202 177 165 149 bytes

EDIT I beat my gzip hack with a real php solution.

A little long.... input as a text string, no spaces, rows delimited by newlines. It flood fills with cs and then checks to see if there are any zeros left. In the loop I use exp as a crude upper bound on the number of iterations required. I take advantage of the symmetry to handle the duplicate cases in less code

function f($s){$r=strpos;$n=$r($s,'
');$s[$r($s,'0')]=c;for(;$i++<1<<$n;)$s=strrev(ereg_replace('0(.{'.$n.'})?c','c\1c',$s));return!1==$r($s,'0');}

Here is an ungolfed test case:

<?php
$s1="00000
01000
01111
00000
00011";

$s2="01010
01100
00000
00010
11110";

function f($s){
    $n=strpos($s,"\n");
    $s[strpos($s,'0')]=c;
    for(;$i<strlen($s);++$i)
        $s=strrev(ereg_replace(
            '0(.{'.$n.'})?c',
            'c\1c'
            ,$s));
    return!1===strpos($s,'0');
}

var_dump(f($s1));
var_dump(f($s2));

Answer 6

Python (219 bytes)

Definitely not the shortest, but it's my first try here, so I'm proud of it:

def f(n):
 m=[int(c) for c in n if c!='\n']
 for i in range(len(m)):
  if m[i]<1:m[i]=2;break
 g(m,n.find('\n'),i);return not 0in m
def g(n,w,i):
 for x in i-w,i-1,i+1,i+w:
  if 0<=x<len(n):
   if n[x]<1:n[x]=2;g(n,w,x)

It's input should be a String of 0s & 1s where rows are delimited by a newline (\n) character.

Example usage:

>>> f("00000\n01000\n01111\n00000\n00011")
True
>>> f("01010\n01100\n00000\n00010\n11110")
False

Answer 7

Python (196)

Standard flood filling.

g=raw_input()
m=g.find(' ')
g=g.replace(' ','')
V={}
def D(V,x):
 if V.get(x,0)or g[x]=='1':return
 V[x]=1;[D(V,x+i)for i in 1,-1,m,-m if 0<=x+i<len(g)]
D(V,g.find('0'))
print len(V)==g.count('0')

Takes the matrix through STDIN with each row separated by a single space. For example "01010 01100 00000 00010 11110".

Answer 8

Mathematica 53

f=Max@(Symbol@@Names@"I*`i*B*l")[Image[1-#],0,1>2]<2&

It calls the internal function Image`MorphologicalOperationsDump`imageBinaryLabel, which is similar to MorphologicalComponents.

f[{{0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1, 1}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 1}}]
f[{{0, 1, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 0}}]

True

False

Answer 9

Matlab 45

input('');c=bwconncomp(~ans,4);c.NumObjects<2

Answer 10

PHP (286 chars)

Way too long, I probably went the long long way.

function D($a){$x=count($a);$y=count($a[0]);for($i=0;$i<$x;$i++)$a[$i][-1]=$a[$i][$y]=1;for($j=0;$j<$y;$j++)$a[-1][$j]=$a[$x][$j]=1;for($i=0;$i<$x;$i++){for($j=0;$j<$y;$j++){if($a[$i][$j]!=1){if($a[$i][$j-1]==1&&$a[$i][$j+1]==1&&$a[$i-1][$j]==1&&$a[$i+1][$j]==1)return 0;}}}return 1;}

Non-golfed:

function D($a)
{
$x=count($a);
$y=count($a[0]);
for ($i=0;$i<$x;$i++)
    $a[$i][-1]=$a[$i][$y]=1;
for ($j=0;$j<$y;$j++)
    $a[-1][$j]=$a[$x][$j]=1;
for ($i=0;$i<$x;$i++)
{
    for ($j=0;$j<$y;$j++)
    {
        if ($a[$i][$j] != 1)
        {
            if ($a[$i][$j-1] == 1 && $a[$i][$j+1] == 1 && $a[$i-1][$j] == 1 && $a[$i+1][$j] == 1)
                return 0;
        }
    }
}
return 1;
}

Answer 11

C#, 235 Bytes

int[][]D;int w,h,n;bool Q(int x,int y){var r=x>=0&&x<w&&y>=0&&y<h&&(D[x][y]++==0);if(r){Q(x-1,y);Q(x+1,y);Q(x,y+1);Q(x,y-1);}return r;}
bool P(int[][]B){D=B;w=D[0].Length;h=D.Length; for(int i=0;i<w*h;i++)if(Q(i%w,i/w))n++;return n==1;}

It tries to flood fill every cell in the board, it it makes only one flood fill returns true.

bool R( int x, int y)
{
    var r = (x >= 0 && x < w && y >= 0 && y < h && D[x, y]++ == 0);
    if (r)
    {
        R(x-1, y);
        R(x+1, y);
        R(x, y+1);
        R(x, y-1);
    }
    return r;
}

public bool Do()
{
    D = Board1;
    w = D.GetLength(0);
    h = D.GetLength(1);
    for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) for (int y = 0; y< h; y++) if (R(x, y)) n++;
    return n == 1;
}

Answer 12

Python 2.X + 3.X: 335 chararcters

Golfed:

def f(n):
 x,y=0,0
 z=lambda x,y:y<len(n)and x<len(n[0])and n[x][y]!=1
 while not z(x,y):
  y+=1
  if y==len(n):
   y=0
   x+=1
  if x==len(n[0]):
   return False
 t=set([(x,y)])
 v=set()
 while t:
  (x,y)=t.pop()
  v|=set([(x,y)])
  if z(x+1,y):
   t|=set([(x+1, y)])
  if z(x,y+1):
   t|=set([(x, y+1)])
 return len(v)+sum(map(sum,n))==len(n)*len(n[0])

Ungolfed:

def f(n):
    """In the following filed, starting from a 0: is it possible to
       get to every other 0?

        >>> f([[0,0,0,0,0],\
               [0,1,0,0,0],\
               [0,1,1,1,1],\
               [0,0,0,0,0],\
               [0,0,0,1,1]])
        True
        >>> f([[0,1,0,1,0],\
               [0,1,1,0,0],\
               [0,0,0,0,0],\
               [0,0,0,1,0],\
               [1,1,1,1,0]])
        False
        >>> f([[1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1]])
        False
        >>> f([[1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,0,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1]])
        True
        >>> f([[1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [0,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,0,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,0,1,1]])
        False
        >>> f([[1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,1],\
               [1,1,1,1,0]])
        True
    """
    x, y = 0,0
    isValid = lambda x,y: y<len(n) and x<len(n[0]) and n[x][y] != 1
    for i in range(len(n)*len(n[0])):
        x = i%len(n)
        y = i/len(n)
        if isValid(x,y):
            break

    while not isValid(x,y):
        y += 1
        if y == len(n):
            y = 0
            x += 1
        if x == len(n[0]):
            return False # Problem is not clearly defined here
    toGo=set([(x,y)])
    visited=set()
    while toGo:
        (x,y) = toGo.pop()
        visited |= set([(x,y)])
        if isValid(x+1,y):
            toGo |= set([(x+1, y)])
        if isValid(x,y+1):
            toGo |= set([(x, y+1)])
    return len(visited)+sum(map(sum,n)) == len(n)*len(n[0])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod()