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#JavaScript (ES6), n=1

etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;
setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

#JavaScript (ES6), 927 bytes, n=1, score=859329

This was written before code length was a factor, so it isn't golfed yet.

etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;
setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///` 

note: there is a trailing newline

What's that you say? You want to try it out? Say no more!

Full page mode recommended.

Ignore the input box, this snippet takes no input.

Try removing any one character from the code!

Don't believe it? Normal code will still work (but it won't quine...) Try something like console.log(5)!

note: the snippet had to be modified slightly to disable the REPL feature, so I removed multiple output capabilities for this answer only.

etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;
setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

<!--                               Try the test suite below!                              --><strong id="bytecount" style="display:inline; font-size:32px; font-family:Helvetica"></strong><strong id="bytediff" style="display:inline; margin-left:10px; font-size:32px; font-family:Helvetica; color:lightgray"></strong><br><br><pre style="margin:0">Code:</pre><textarea id="textbox" style="margin-top:5px; margin-bottom:5px"></textarea><br><pre style="margin:0">Input:</pre><textarea id="inputbox" style="margin-top:5px; margin-bottom:5px"></textarea><br><button id="testbtn">Test!</button><button id="resetbtn">Reset</button><br><p><strong id="origheader" style="font-family:Helvetica; display:none">Original Code Output:</strong><p><div id="origoutput" style="margin-left:15px"></div><p><strong id="newheader" style="font-family:Helvetica; display:none">New Code Output:</strong><p><div id="newoutput" style="margin-left:15px"></div><script type="text/javascript" id="golfsnippet">var bytecount=document.getElementById("bytecount");var bytediff=document.getElementById("bytediff");var textbox=document.getElementById("textbox");var inputbox=document.getElementById("inputbox");var testbtn=document.getElementById("testbtn");var resetbtn=document.getElementById("resetbtn");var origheader=document.getElementById("origheader");var newheader=document.getElementById("newheader");var origoutput=document.getElementById("origoutput");var newoutput=document.getElementById("newoutput");textbox.style.width=inputbox.style.width=window.innerWidth-50+"px";var _originalCode=null;function getOriginalCode(){if(_originalCode!=null)return _originalCode;var allScripts=document.getElementsByTagName("script");for(var i=0;i<allScripts.length;i++){var script=allScripts[i];if(script.id!="golfsnippet"){originalCode=script.textContent.trim();return originalCode}}}function getNewCode(){return textbox.value.trim()}function getInput(){try{var inputText=inputbox.value.trim();var input=eval("["+inputText+"]");return input}catch(e){return null}}function setTextbox(s){textbox.value=s;onTextboxChange()}function setOutput(output,s){output.innerHTML=s}function addOutput(output,data){output.innerHTML='<pre style="background-color:'+(data.type=="err"?"lightcoral":"lightgray")+'">'+escape(data.content)+"</pre>"}function getByteCount(s){return(new Blob([s],{encoding:"UTF-8",type:"text/plain;charset=UTF-8"})).size}function onTextboxChange(){var newLength=getByteCount(getNewCode());var oldLength=getByteCount(getOriginalCode());bytecount.innerHTML=newLength+" bytes";var diff=newLength-oldLength;if(diff>0){bytediff.innerHTML="(+"+diff+")";bytediff.style.color="lightcoral"}else if(diff<0){bytediff.innerHTML="("+diff+")";bytediff.style.color="lightgreen"}else{bytediff.innerHTML="("+diff+")";bytediff.style.color="lightgray"}}function onTestBtn(evt){origheader.style.display="inline";newheader.style.display="inline";setOutput(newoutput,"");setOutput(origoutput,"");var input=getInput();if(input===null){addOutput(origoutput,{type:"err",content:"Input is malformed. Using no input."});addOutput(newoutput,{type:"err",content:"Input is malformed. Using no input."});input=[]}doInterpret(getNewCode(),input,function(data){addOutput(newoutput,data)});doInterpret(getOriginalCode(),input,function(data){addOutput(origoutput,data)});evt.stopPropagation();return false}function onResetBtn(evt){setTextbox(getOriginalCode());origheader.style.display="none";newheader.style.display="none";setOutput(origoutput,"");setOutput(newoutput,"")}function escape(s){return s.toString().replace(/&/g,"&amp;").replace(/</g,"&lt;").replace(/>/g,"&gt;")}window.alert=function(){};window.prompt=function(){};function doInterpret(code,input,cb){var workerCode=interpret.toString()+";function stdout(s){ self.postMessage( {'type': 'out', 'content': s} ); }"+" function stderr(s){ self.postMessage( {'type': 'err', 'content': s} ); }"+" function kill(){ self.close(); }"+" self.addEventListener('message', function(msg){ interpret(msg.data.code, msg.data.input); });";var interpreter=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([workerCode])));interpreter.addEventListener("message",function(msg){cb(msg.data)});interpreter.postMessage({"code":code,"input":input});setTimeout(function(){interpreter.terminate()},1E4)}setTimeout(function(){getOriginalCode();textbox.addEventListener("input",onTextboxChange);testbtn.addEventListener("click",onTestBtn);resetbtn.addEventListener("click",onResetBtn);setTextbox(getOriginalCode())},100);function interpret(code,input){_=undefined;window={};alert=function(s){stdout(s)};window.alert=alert;console.log=alert;prompt=function(s){if(input.length<1)stderr("not enough input");else{var nextInput=input[0];input=input.slice(1);return nextInput.toString()}};window.prompt=prompt;(function(){try{_=undefined;eval(code);if(typeof evalResult=="disabled_function_evaluation"){var callResult=evalResult.apply(this,input);if(typeof callResult!="undefined")stdout(callResult)}}catch(e){stderr(e.message)}})()};</script>

#JavaScript (ES6), n=1

This was very difficult, and deserves a thorough explanation. Which I will write later, after I explore this challenge a little more!

etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;
setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

Basically, the first line is carefully constructed to rename all 'mispellings' of setTimeout to valid functions, so that if a character is removed from one of the setTimeouts the code will not error out and the unscathed version can run. It is also written so that if any one character is removed from the first line, there will be no error and the rest of the code can run unaffected.

The second and third blocks are exactly equivalent. If one runs to completion, it sets the _ variable so that the other knows not to duplicate the quine. If one of these blocks errors out, it does not affect the other block because it was called asynchronously using setTimeout. The error will cause _ not to be set, so the other block will quine successfully. The main code is in a string, which is checked for length in each block to make sure that there were no removals.

Template strings on the next line with some comments at the end of the template strings protects the code from erroring out if one of the backticks forming the template string is removed. If the ending backtick is removed, the template string is ended by the backtick in the comment. If the starting backtick is removed, setTimeout is evaluated as an unassigned function (a no-op) and the code runs as normal, without a setTimeout. The ending backtick is nullified by another comment.

A better explanation is forthcoming. In the meantime feel free to ping me in chat @jrich with any comments/questions/criticisms!

#JavaScript (ES6), n=1

note: don't use a REPL (like a browser console) to run this.

This was very difficult, and deserves a thorough explanation. Which I will write later, after I explore this challenge a little more!

etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;
setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

setTimeout
`c="function f(){x=String.fromCharCode(96);n=String.fromCharCode(10);q=String.fromCharCode(34);y='etTimeout=stTimeout=seTimeout=setimeout=setTmeout=setTieout=setTimout=setTimeut=setTimeot=setTimeou=unescape=>42;'+n;z='setTimeout'+n+x+'c='+q+f+';f();_=1'+q+';if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//'+x+'///'+x+n+n;console.log(y+z+z)};f();_=1";if(window._);else if(c.length>339)eval(c)//`///`

Basically, the first line is carefully constructed to rename all 'mispellings' of setTimeout to valid functions, so that if a character is removed from one of the setTimeouts the code will not error out and the unscathed version can run. It is also written so that if any one character is removed from the first line, there will be no error and the rest of the code can run unaffected.

The second and third blocks are exactly equivalent. If one runs to completion, it sets the _ variable so that the other knows not to duplicate the quine. If one of these blocks errors out, it does not affect the other block because it was called asynchronously using setTimeout. The error will cause _ not to be set, so the other block will quine successfully. The main code is in a string, which is checked for length in each block to make sure that there were no removals.

Template strings on the next line with some comments at the end of the template strings protects the code from erroring out if one of the backticks forming the template string is removed. If the ending backtick is removed, the template string is ended by the backtick in the comment. If the starting backtick is removed, setTimeout is evaluated as an unassigned function (a no-op) and the code runs as normal, without a setTimeout. The ending backtick is nullified by another comment.

A better explanation is forthcoming. In the meantime feel free to ping me in chat @jrich with any comments/questions/criticisms!