PHP - 7875
<?=($p=' ').'*
';for($s=' 0';$p=substr($p,1);;$s.='00'){echo"$p$s
";$s.='00';}";
For variable heights of 12 or below, modify the hard-coded padding in the above. (Code gets smaller the lower the height)
For variable heights of 13 or more use the following, height param is the second argument to str_pad
. (Code starts at 8077 bytes and doesn't grow as fast as the version with static padding)
<?=($p=str_pad('',13)).'*
';for($s=' 0';$p=substr($p,1);;$s.='00'){echo"$p$s
";$s.='00';}";
Output of php -d short_open_tag=1 tree.php
*
0
000
00000
0000000
000000000
00000000000
0000000000000
000000000000000
00000000000000000