Perl 5: 183 - 100 = 83
Edit: I managed to cut some extra characters so I also altered the chord names like in the Python solution, so I can pretend for a moment that I am leading.
#!perl -pa
for$z(0..11){$x=0;$x|=1<<((/#/-/b/+$z+1.61*ord)%12or$o=$_)for@F;$x-/\d+_?/-$_*4||push@r,$o.$'
for qw(36M 34- 68+ 18o 40sus2 33sus4 292_7 290-7 546-M7 548M7 324+7 146o7)}$_="@r
"if@r
Example:
$ perl chord.pl <<<"C D# G"
C-