Bash, 65 58 56 50 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};for((;a;)){ echo $[a=RANDOM%a];})

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)

Recursive approach

Also 50

f()(echo $1;if((!$1));then exit;fi;f $[RANDOM%$1])

Try

Bash, 65 58 56 50 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};for((;a;)){ echo $[a=RANDOM%a];})

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)

Recursive approach

50 28

f()(echo $1&&f $[RANDOM%$1])

Try

Bash, 65 58 56 50 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};for((;a;)){ echo $[a=RANDOM%a];})

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)

Bash, 65 58 56 50 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};for((;a;)){ echo $[a=RANDOM%a];})

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)

Recursive approach

Also 50

f()(echo $1;if((!$1));then exit;fi;f $[RANDOM%$1])

Try

Bash, 65 58 56 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};while((a));do echo $[a=RANDOM%a];done)

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)

Bash, 65 58 56 50 bytes

f()(echo ${a=$1};for((;a;)){ echo $[a=RANDOM%a];})

Try it online!

(Improved thanks to manatwork)