#Java 8, 78 74 72 bytes

n->{int r=0,j;for(;n>1;n--)for(j=n;j-->1;)if(n%j<1){r+=j;j=0;}return r;}

Port of @CarlosAlejo's C# answer.

Try it here.

Old answer (78 bytes):

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Try it here.

Explanation (of old answer):

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method

Java 8, 78 74 72 bytes

n->{int r=0,j;for(;n>1;n--)for(j=n;j-->1;)if(n%j<1){r+=j;j=0;}return r;}

Port of @CarlosAlejo's C# answer.

Try it here.

Old answer (78 bytes):

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Try it here.

Explanation (of old answer):

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method

#Java 8, 78 74 bytes

n->{int r=0,j;for(;n>1;n--)for(j=n;j-->1;)if(n%j<1){r+=j;break;}return r;}

Port of @CarlosAlejo's C# answer.

Try it here.

Old answer (78 bytes):

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Try it here.

Explanation (of old answer):

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method

#Java 8, 78 74 72 bytes

n->{int r=0,j;for(;n>1;n--)for(j=n;j-->1;)if(n%j<1){r+=j;j=0;}return r;}

Port of @CarlosAlejo's C# answer.

Try it here.

Old answer (78 bytes):

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Try it here.

Explanation (of old answer):

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method

#Java 8, 78 bytes

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Explanation:

Try it here.

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method

#Java 8, 78 74 bytes

n->{int r=0,j;for(;n>1;n--)for(j=n;j-->1;)if(n%j<1){r+=j;break;}return r;}

Port of @CarlosAlejo's C# answer.

Try it here.

Old answer (78 bytes):

n->{int r=0,i=1,j,k;for(;++i<=n;r+=k)for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;k=i%j<1?j:k);return r;}

Try it here.

Explanation (of old answer):

n->{                    // Method with integer parameter and integer return-type
  int r=0,              //  Result-integers
      i=1,j,k;          //  Some temp integers
  for(;++i<=n;          //  Loop (1) from 2 to `n` (inclusive)
      r+=k)             //    And add `k` to the result after every iteration
    for(j=1,k=1;++j<i;  //   Inner loop (2) from `2` to `i` (exclusive)
      k=i%j<1?j:k       //    If `i` is dividable by `j`, replace `k` with `j`
    );                  //   End of inner loop (2)
                        //  End of loop (2) (implicit / single-line body)
  return r;             //  Return result-integer
}                       // End of method