How many steps did I walk?

Question

A simple pedometer can be modeled by a pendulum with two switches on opposite sides—one at x=0 and one at x=l. When the pendulum contacts the far switch, the ambulator can be assumed to have taken half a step. When it contacts the near switch, the step is completed.

Given a list of integers representing positions of the pendulum, determine the number of full steps recorded on the pedometer.

Input

• An integer l>0, the length of the track.

• A list of integers representing the positions of the pedometer's pendulum at each time.

Output

The number of full steps measured. A step is taken when the pendulum contacts the far switch (x>=l) and then the near switch (x<=0).

Test cases

8, [8, 3, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 9, 4, 7]
1

The pendulum immediately makes contact with the far switch at x=8 at t=0. Then it touches the near switch at t=2 and t=4, completing one step. After that, it touches the far switch again at x=9 at t=8, but it never touches the near switch again.

1, [1, 5, -1, -4, -1, 1, -2, 8, 0, -4]
3

15, [10, -7, -13, 19, 0, 22, 8, 9, -6, 21, -14, 12, -5, -12, 5, -3, 5, -15, 0, 2, 11, -11, 12, 5, 16, 14, 27, -5, 13, 0, -7, -2, 11, -8, 27, 15, -10, -10, 4, 21, 29, 21, 2, 5, -7, 15, -7, -14, 13, 27]
7

7, [5, 4, 0]
0

7, [5, 8, 6, 1, 2] 
0   

Answer 1

CJam, 27 24 bytes

l~:Xfe<0fe>_[XT]:Y--Y/,(

Input format is the list of pendulum positions followed by l on a single line.

Test it here.

Explanation

l~     e# Read and evaluate input.
:X     e# Store track length in X.
fe<    e# Clamp each position to X from above.
0f>    e# Clamp each position to 0 from below.
_      e# Duplicate.
[XT]   e# Push the array [X 0].
:Y     e# Store it in Y.
-      e# Set subtraction from the clamped input list. This gives all the
       e# intermediate values.
-      e# Another set subtraction. Remove intermediate values from input list.
Y/     e# Split remaining list around occurrences of ...X 0...
,(     e# Count them and decrement. This is the number of times the pendulum
       e# moved from X to 0.

Answer 2

MATL, 22 bytes

>~2G0>~-XzY'nw1)0<-H/k

This uses current version (14.0.0) of the language/compiler.

Inputs are in the same order and format as in the challenge, separated by a newline.

Try it online!

Explanation

>~     % take the two inputs implicitly. Generate an array that contains true 
       % where the second input (array of positions) is >= the first input (l)
2G     % push second input (positions) again
0      % push a 0
>~     % true where the second input (array of positions) is <= 0
-      % subtract: array of 1, -1 or 0
Xz     % discard the 0 values
Y'     % run-length encoding: push values and number of repetitions
n      % length of the latter array: number of half-steps, perhaps plus 1
w1)    % swap. Get first element
0<     % true if that element is -1. We need to discard one half-step then
-      % subtract
H/k    % divide by 2 and round down

Answer 3

Javascript ES6 57 bytes

(t,a)=>a.map(a=>a<t?a>0?'':0:1).join``.split`10`.length-1

Thanks @NotThatCharles for -4

Answer 4

Perl, 28 bytes

Includes +1 for -p

Run with the input as one long line of space separated integers on STDIN, the first number is the length:

perl -p steps.pl <<< "8 8 3 0 1 0 2 2 9 4 7"

steps.pl:

s; ;$'>=$_..$'<1;eg;$_=y;E;

Uses the perl flip-flop operator and counts the number of times it returns to false

Answer 5

Pyth, 18 bytes

/.:@J,Q0m@S+Jd1E2J

Test suite

Explanation:

/.:@J,Q0m@S+Jd1E2J
                      Implicit: Q is the length of the track.
    J,Q0              Set J to [Q, 0]
        m      E      Map over the list
           +Jd        Add the current element to J
          S           Sort
         @    1       Take the middle element.
                      This is the current element, 
                      clamped above by Q and below by 0.
   @J                 Filter for presence in J.
 .:             2     Form 2 element substrings
/                J    Count occurrences of J.

Answer 6

Ruby, 42

->i,a{r=!0
a.count{|v|r^r=v>=i||r&&v>0}/2}

r starts as false. We toggle r at each end of the track, and add it to our count. Then, halve the count (rounding down) to get the number of steps.

Answer 7

Retina, 34

-1*

^(1*)((?>.*?\1.*? \D))*.*
$#2

Try it online! or try it with decimal input.

Takes input in unary, negative unary numbers are treated as -111... and zero is the empty string. Counts the number of times that the first number appears followed by a zero. Uses an atomic group to guarantee that the matches are minimal (sadly atomic groups are non-capturing so it has to be wrapped in another group...).

Answer 8

Python 3, 82

Saved 2 bytes thanks to DSM.

Not super golfed yet.

def f(x,s):
 c=l=0
 for a in s:
  if a>=x:l=x
  elif a<1:c+=l==x;l*=l!=x
 return c

Test cases:

assert f(8, [8, 3, 0, 1, 0, 2, 2, 9, 4, 7]) == 1
assert f(1, [1, 5, -1, -4, -1, 1, -2, 8, 0, -4]) == 3
assert f(15, [10, -7, -13, 19, 0, 22, 8, 9, -6, 21, -14, 12, -5, -12, 5, -3, 5, -15, 0, 2, 11, -11, 12, 5, 16, 14, 27, -5, 13, 0, -7, -2, 11, -8, 27, 15, -10, -10, 4, 21, 29, 21, 2, 5, -7, 15, -7, -14, 13, 27]) == 7

Answer 9

Clojure, 64 bytes

#(count(re-seq #"10"(apply str(for[i %2](condp > i 1 0 %""1)))))

Maps values less-than-or-equal of zero to 0, larger-than-or-equal of length to 1 and others to an empty string "". This is then concatenated to a string and occurrences of "10" are counted.

Answer 10

APL (Dyalog Unicode), 17 bytes^SBCS

Also known as "how much can I abuse iota-underbar?"

≢∘∪0~⍨(⍸≤)⍸(⍸0≥⊢)

Try it online!