Construct the Identity Matrix

Question

The challenge is very simple. Given an integer input n, output the n x n identity matrix. The identity matrix is one that has 1s spanning from the top left down to the bottom right. You will write a program or a function that will return or output the identity matrix you constructed. Your output may be a 2D array, or numbers separated by spaces/tabs and newlines.

Example input and output

1: [[1]]
2: [[1, 0], [0, 1]]
3: [[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]
4: [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]]
5: [[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 1]]

1
===
1

2
===
1 0
0 1

3
===
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1

etc.

This is code-golf, so the shortest code in bytes wins.

Answer 1

Common Lisp, 96 94 92 bytes

(lambda(n)(set'a(make-array(list n n):initial-element 0))(dotimes(i n)(setf(aref a i i)1))a)

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Answer 2

PHP 88 Bytes

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Code

<?php for($i=0;$i++<$argv;){$a=array_fill(1,$argv,0);$a[$i]=1;echo implode(",",$a)."
";}

Explanation

<?php 
  for($i=0;$i++<$argv;){          // loop up to the argument
      $a=array_fill(1,$argv,0);   // create an array fill with 0 with length = $argv value
      $a[$i]=1;                   // use the current iteration to place the "1"
      echo implode(",",$a)."      // implode to output the matrix
     ";}

Output

  $argv=5

  1,0,0,0,0
  0,1,0,0,0
  0,0,1,0,0
  0,0,0,1,0
  0,0,0,0,1

Answer 3

Forth (gforth), 48 bytes

: f dup 0 do dup 0 do 0 i j = - . loop cr loop ;

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Explanation

uses nested loops to output the matrix. For each element it outputs 1 if the indexes are equal, and 0 otherwise.

Code Explanation

:f           \ start a new word definition
  dup        \ duplicate input
  0 do       \ outer counted loop from 0 to input - 1
    dup      \ duplicate input again 
    0 do     \ inner counted loop from 0 to input - 1
      0      \ put a 0 on the stack (used to convert -1 to 1)
      i j =  \ -1 if i equals j, 0 otherwise
      - .    \ subtract from 0 to convert -1 to 1, and output
    loop     \ end inner loop
    cr       \ output a newline
  loop       \ end outer loop
;            \ end word definition

Answer 4

D, 114 bytes

void f(int n){import std.stdio;int N=n*n;while(N--){if(N%(n+1))write("0 ");else write("1 ");if(N%n==0)writeln();}}

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Answer 5

PARI/GP, 14 bytes

n->matrix(n)^0

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Takes the zeroth power of the zero matrix.

See also Charles's answer,

Answer 6

V, 16, 11 bytes

Ài0 ÀÄò
jl

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Answer 7

Pip, 3 bytes

EYa

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Builtin.

Answer 8

Nibbles, 6 5 bytes (10 nibbles)

.;,$.@==$_

.               # map across each value of
  ,$            # 1..input
 ;              # (saving this range)
    .           #   map across each value of
     @          #   the saved range (1..input again)
      ==$_      #     are the two values equal?         

Answer 9

Pyt, 5 bytes

řĐɐ=Ɩ

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ř              implicit input; create řange [1,2,...,n]
 Đ             Đuplicate
  ɐ=           for ɐll pairs: are elements equal?
    Ɩ          cast to Ɩnteger; implicit print

Answer 10

Nekomata, 3 bytes

ᵒ-¬

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ᵒ-     Generate a 2d table with subtraction
  ¬    Logical not (converts 0 to 1 and other numbers to 0)

Answer 11

Thunno 2, 4 bytes

RD€=

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Explanation

RD€=  # Implicit input
R     # Push the range [1..n]
  €   # For each number,
   =  # Compare it with
 D    # The range [1..n]
      # Implicit output