Swap the Alphabet

Question

In this challenge, you will be "reversing" the alphabet or swapping a-z with z-a. This is commonly known as the Atbash cypher.

Because this transformation makes the output look like some foreign language, your code will need to be as short as possible.

---

Examples

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba

Programming Puzzles & Code Golf
Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou

Hello, World!
Svool, Dliow!

Specification

• The input may contain multiple lines, and will be ASCII-only
• No additional whitespace should be added to the output
• Case must be preserved

Leaderboard

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body{text-align:left!important}#answer-list,#language-list{padding:10px;width:290px;float:left}table thead{font-weight:700}table td{padding:5px}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.sstatic.net/codegolf/all.css?v=83c949450c8b"> <div id="answer-list"> <h2>Leaderboard</h2> <table class="answer-list"> <thead> <tr><td></td><td>Author</td><td>Language</td><td>Size</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="answers"> </tbody> </table> </div><div id="language-list"> <h2>Winners by Language</h2> <table class="language-list"> <thead> <tr><td>Language</td><td>User</td><td>Score</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="languages"> </tbody> </table> </div><table style="display: none"> <tbody id="answer-template"> <tr><td>{{PLACE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody> </table> <table style="display: none"> <tbody id="language-template"> <tr><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody> </table>

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This is code-golf so shortest code in bytes wins

Answer 1

C, 59 bytes

Sorry for bringing up C again, but I was a bit disappointed to see only C functions here. I was under the impression OP was looking for a usable product.

main(c){while(~(c=getchar()))putchar(isalpha(c)?c+4^31:c);}

Compiled on Ubuntu 14.04 with a simple:

cc swalpha.c

The resulting executable reads any number of lines from stdin, and writes the result to stdout.

Thanks to so many of the other posters for the XOR trick.

Answer 2

Pyth, 8 bytes

XXzG)rG1

@xnor suggested this simpler approach on @FryAmTheEggman's Pyth answer, then I translated it to Pyth.

This uses the handy behavior of X (translate) when given only two arguments: it translates from the second argument to the reversed second argument. We do this first with the lowercase alphabet (G), and then with uppercased G.

Answer 3

CJam, 17 bytes

I wanted to help GamrCorps golf his CJam solution, but the result ended up so different that I decided to make a separate answer.

q'[,_el^_W%32f^er

Try it online.

Explanation

q     e# Read all input.
'[,   e# Get a character range from the null byte up to and including "Z".
_el   e# Duplicate and convert to lowercase.
^     e# Symmetric set difference. Due to the lowercase operation only letters will not
      e# appear in both sets, and so we get a string with all uppercase letters followed
      e# by all lowercase letters, i.e "ABC...XYZabc...xyz".
_W%   e# Duplicate and reverse. Gives: "zyx...cbaZYX...CBA".
32f^  e# Take each character XOR 32 which swaps the case, so now we have:
      e#                               "ZYX...CBAzyx...cba"
er    e# Transliterate: substitute each character in the first string with the correspoding
      e# character in the second string.

Answer 4

JavaScript (ES6), 69 67 bytes

x=>x.replace(/[A-Z]/gi,c=>String.fromCharCode(c.charCodeAt()+4^31))

Uses the same strategy as my Japt answer:

x=>x.replace(/[A-Z]/gi,C=>   // Replace each letter C with
 String.fromCharCode(        //  the character with char code
  C.charCodeAt()+4^31))      //   the char code of C, plus 4, with the last 5 bits flipped.

Curse your incredibly long property names, JS...

Answer 5

Retina, 17 14 13 bytes

Code:

\T`w`_dZ-Az-a

Explanation:

\             # This suppresses the trailing linefeed
 T            # Switches to transliterate mode
  `w          # w is short for _0-9A-Za-z
    `_d       # d is short for 0-9
       Z-Az-a # Z-Az-a

This does some magic stuff and completes the task.

Try it here.

Answer 6

Pyth, 10 9

uXGr;H)2z

Thanks to Jakube for saving a byte with the new feature of ;!

Test Suite

A quick explanation: reduce starting with the input over the numbers 0 and 1. The operation to be performed is translate the lower case alphabet with either r...0 or r...1 which are the lower and upper functions from python, respectively, applied to it, and then reversed.

Answer 7

Julia, 74 61 47 bytes

s->replace(s,r"[a-z]"i,t->Char(31$Int(t[1])-4))

This is a lambda function that accepts a string and returns a string. To call it, assign it to a variable.

We match each letter using a regular expression and replace each letter with the ASCII character corresponding to 31 XOR the ASCII code for the letter, minus 4.

Answer 8

C, 150 129 Bytes

void rev(char*s){int i,t;for(i=0;i<strlen(s);i++){t=s[i]+25;t=t<116?180-t:244-t;isalpha(s[i])?printf("%c",t):printf("%c",s[i]);}}

This function just converts char to int and adds the appropriate offset to the int before printing. I know it's not the shortest but I didn't see a C implementation.

Example usage

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<ctype.h>

void rev(char*s){int i,temp;for(i=0;i<strlen(s);i++){temp=s[i]+25;temp=temp<116?180-temp:244-temp;isalpha(s[i])?printf("%c",temp):printf("%c",s[i]);}}


int main(){
   char *s = "hello, there";
   rev(s);
   return 0;
}

UPDATE: shortened a variable name.

Answer 9

Python, 61 bytes

lambda x:''.join([c,chr(ord(c)+4^31)][c.isalpha()]for c in x)

An anonymous function. On letters, does the reversing operation on the bit representation by adding 4, then flipping the last five bits, similar to ETHproductions' Javascript answer.

Answer 10

Japt, 23 22 bytes

Ur"[A-Za-z]"_c +4^31 d

Try it online!

How it works

Ur"[A-Za-z]"_  // Take the input and replace each letter with:
 c +4          //  Take its char code and add 4. This results in
               //  the string      "ABC...XYZabc...xyz"
               //  becoming        "EFG...\]^efg...|}~".
 ^31           //  XOR the result by 31. This flips its last five 5 bits.
               //  We now have     "ZYX...CBAzyx...cba".
 d             //  Convert back from a char code.
               // Implicit: output last expression

Answer 11

C, 64

A void function that modify the string in place.

t(char*p){for(int c;c=*p;)*p++=c>64&c<91|c>96&c<123?(c^31)-4:c;}

Test: ideone

Answer 12

R, 69 61 bytes

Thanks to @Giuseppe for shaving off some extra bytes:

function(s)cat(chartr("a-zA-Z",intToUtf8(c(122:97,90:65)),s))

Previous version:

function(s)cat(chartr("a-zA-Z",rawToChar(as.raw(c(122:97,90:65))),s))

This is an anonymous function. Usage:

> f=function(s)cat(chartr("a-zA-Z",rawToChar(as.raw(c(122:97,90:65))),s))
> f("Hello, World!")
Svool, Dliow!
> f("Programming Puzzles & Code Golf")
Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou
> f("This is
+ a multiline
+ example.")
Gsrh rh
z nfogrormv
vcznkov.

Answer 13

Ruby, 40 bytes

New solution: Stole that bit flipping magic from some of the other posts here:

->s{s.gsub(/[a-z]/i){($&.ord+4^31).chr}}

---

Ruby, 55 46 bytes

->s{s.tr'a-zA-Z',[*?A..?Z,*?a..?z].reverse*''}

9 bytes off thanks to @manatwork

---

test run:

->s{s.gsub(/[a-z]/i){($&.ord+4^31).chr}}["Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou"]
=> "Programming Puzzles & Code Golf"

Answer 14

Jolf, 15 bytes

~Ai+plpu+_pl_pu
~A              I don't know what to call this, besides "dictionary replace"
  i              the input
   +plpu         previous dictionary: lower + upper alphabet
        +_p1_pu  new dictionary: reversed lower + reversed upper

Test suite, or try it with your own input

Answer 15

𝔼𝕊𝕄𝕚𝕟 2, 12 chars / 26 bytes (non-competitive)

ïĪ(ᶐ+ᶛ,ᶐᴙ+ᶛᴙ

Try it here (Firefox only).

Added transliterate function after the challenge was posted.

Explanation

ïĪ(ᶐ+ᶛ,ᶐᴙ+ᶛᴙ // implicit: ï=input
ïĪ(           // transliterate ï...
   ᶐ+ᶛ,       // from uppercase+lowercase alphabet...
       ᶐᴙ+ᶛᴙ  // ... to reversed uppercase+reversed lowercase alphabet
              // implicit output

Answer 16

CJam, 21 bytes

q'[,65>__el_@+W%@@+er

Not an optimal solution... yet... Try it online

Its hard to explain without grouping things, so here is a general explanation: gets input, pushes uppercase alphabet twice and lowercase twice, rotates things around, combines uppercase and lowercase strings, reverses one, and uses transliteration (similar to the Retina answer).

Answer 17

C (function), 50

f(char*s){for(;*s;s++)*s=isalpha(*s)?*s+4^31:*s;}

This builds on all three previous C answers, so credit to @Ruud, @Danwakeem and @edc65.

This function modifies a char array in place.

My understanding is function entries are allowed unless explicitly banned in the question.

Try it online.

Answer 18

PostgreSQL, 118 125 bytes

SELECT s,TRANSLATE(s,t||UPPER(t),REVERSE(t)||REVERSE(UPPER(t)))
FROM(SELECT text'Programming Puzzles & Code Golf's,text'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz't)r

SqlFiddleDemo

Output:

╔══════════════════════════════════╦═════════════════════════════════╗
║                s                 ║            translate            ║
╠══════════════════════════════════╬═════════════════════════════════╣
║ Programming Puzzles & Code Golf  ║ Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou ║
╚══════════════════════════════════╩═════════════════════════════════╝

Input: SELECT text'...'s

---

EDIT:

Input as table:

SELECT s,TRANSLATE(s,t||UPPER(t),REVERSE(t)||REVERSE(UPPER(t)))
FROM i,(SELECT text'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz't)r
GROUP BY s,t

SqlFiddleDemo

Output:

╔══════════════════════════════════╦═════════════════════════════════╗
║                s                 ║            translate            ║
╠══════════════════════════════════╬═════════════════════════════════╣
║ Hello, World!                    ║ Svool, Dliow!                   ║
║ Programming Puzzles & Code Golf  ║ Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou ║
║ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz       ║ zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba      ║
╚══════════════════════════════════╩═════════════════════════════════╝

Answer 19

05AB1E, 5 bytes

žnžo‡

Uses CP-1252 character set.

Try it online!

Explanation:

žn    - Push [A-Za-z]
  žo  - Push [Z-Az-a]
    ‡ - Transliterate.

Answer 20

Seriously, 31 bytes

úúû+╗úRúûR+╝,`;╜íuWD╛E(X0WX`Mεj

Hex Dump:

a3a3962bbba352a396522bbc2c603bbda1755744be452858305758604dee6a

Try It Online

Expl:

úúû+╗                             Put UPPERCASElowercase in reg0
     úRúûR+╝                      Put ESACREPPUesacrewol in reg1
            ,                     Fetch input.
             `             `Mεj   Map over the characters in string as list, joining result
              ;╜íu                Find 1-index of character in UPPERCASElowercase
                  W     0WX       If it is positive (present): 
                   D              Convert back to 0-index
                    ╛E            Look it up in ESACREPPUesacrewol
                      (X          Delete the original character.
                                  (Else just leave the original character unchanged.)

I just realized the spec say no additional whitespace, but there is no way to suppress trailing newlines in Seriously output, so there is no Seriously solution.

Answer 21

Python 3, 195 169 168 166 bytes

Thanks to @TrangOul for -2 bytes!

How didn't I see that I could have golfed that down before?

x=__import__('string').ascii_letters;y,z=x[26:],x[:26];a,b=y[::-1],z[::-1];print(''.join(b[z.index(i)]if i in b else a[y.index(i)]if i in a else i for i in input()))

(sorta) ungolfed:

x = __import__('string').ascii_letters;
y, z = x[26: ], x[: 26];
a, b = y[::-1], z[::-1];
print(''.join(b[z.index(i)]
    if i in b
    else a[y.index(i)]
    if i in a
    else i
    for i in input()
))

Try it on Ideone!

Answer 22

Haskell, 119 104 bytes

Saved 15 bytes thanks to @nimi.

c=fromEnum;s=toEnum;f[]="";f(x:y)|64<c x&&c x<91=s(155-c x):f y|96<c x&&c x<123=s(219-c x):f y|0<1=x:f y

Usage:

f "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba"

f "Programming Puzzles & Code Golf"
"Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou"

f "Hello, World!"
"Svool, Dliow!"

Explanation

let c=fromEnum;s=toEnum;--wrap names for later use, fromEnum gets ascii code from char, toEnum gets char from ascii code
f[]=[];                 --feed empty list (of chars in this case), get empty list
f(x:y)                  --feed a list, separate the first element and...
|64<c x&&c x<91=        --if its an uppercase char (using ascii code range)...
s(c x*(-1)+155)         --  inverse its ascii code value, move it to the range of uppercase and get the new char
                        --  (like rotating half turn a ruler by the side and then sliding it to the space it previously occupied)
:f y                    --  feed the rest of the list and stick the new char in front of the result
|96<c x&&c x<123=       --if its a lowercase char (using ascii code range)...
s(c x*(-1)+219)         --  inverse its ascii code value, move it to the range of lowercase and get the new char
:f y                    --  feed the rest of the list and stick the new char in front of the result
|True=x:f y             --otherwise feed the rest of the list and stick the char in front of the result

I'm new to Haskell... to functional programming... and to the site, and i know there are (a lot of) better answers to this question, but bear with me.

Answer 23

Perl 6, 28 bytes

{S:g/\w/{chr $/.ord+4+^31}/}

Usage:

# give it a lexical name
my &swap = { … }

say swap 'Programming Puzzles & Code Golf';
# Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou

say swap ('a'..'z').join
# zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba

Answer 24

Java, 136 bytes

void x(String i){for(char c:i.toCharArray()){if(Character.isLetter(c))c=c<91?(char)(90-(c-65)):(char)(122-(c-97));System.out.print(c);}}

Example usage:

class Test {
  static void x(String i){for(char c:i.toCharArray()){if(Character.isLetter(c))c=c<91?(char)(90-(c-65)):(char)(122-(c-97));System.out.print(c);}}
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    x("Programming Puzzles & Code Golf");
    // produces "Kiltiznnrmt Kfaaovh & Xlwv Tlou"
  }
}

Probably the worst commonly-used language in terms of byte size.

Answer 25

Unix shell + tr + printf, 35 bytes

tr A-Za-z `printf %s {Z..A} {z..a}`

Here you are, a canonical answer in tr. I thought how could a question to transliterate the alphabet go without a canonical answer to transliterate the alphabet?

tr by itself does not even do a "Hello, World!" and as such isn't a programming language, so I marked the answer as noncompeting^[1].

[1]: Edit: Actually, Unix shell is the language and tr is the standard library. Thanks to Downgoat and Digital Trauma for helping me spot this out.

Answer 26

Python 3, 164 159 bytes

def f(t,a="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",b=""):
 for c in t:u=64<ord(c)<91;c=c.lower();c=a[::-1][a.index(c)] if c in a else c;b+=c.upper() if u else c
 return b

Answer 27

PHP, 73 bytes

<?=strtr($argv[1],($b=strtolower($a=join(range(A,Z)))).$a,strrev($a.$b));

do this need any comments?

Answer 28

PowerShell, 65 bytes

-join($args|% t*y|%{[char]($_,(($_-bxor31)-4))[$_-match'[a-z]']})

Try it online!

Answer 29

Husk, 22 bytes

σ…'A'Z…'Z'Aσ…'a'z…'z'a

Try it online!

Answer 30

C, 112 98 bytes

i;main(){char x[99];gets(x);for(;x[i];i++)if(isalpha(x[i]))x[i]=(x[i]>90?219:155)-x[i];puts(x);}

I know that gets() is deprecated and unsafe, but scanf() doesn't accept whitespace and I need to include stdio.h if I want to fgets (since stdin is defined in stdio.h). I assume this program wouldn't work if the user tried to enter a string more than 99 characters.

EDIT: Changing printf("%s",x) to puts(x) saves 7 bytes and changing i<strlen(x) to x[i] saves another 7 bytes.