Golfing at the Bank

Question

Our new bank needs a teller transaction system but there is a problem. There is only a few hundred bytes of space left on our server, so you will have to write very compact code.

Database

Thankfully our database is very simple (it was built by the schoolboy son of our bank president), and we only have a few customers so far.

file Bank.data is:

Account Firstname Lastname Balance Date
123 Maree Jones 346.22 2014-12-13
035 Thomas Breakbone 3422.02 2015-01-03
422 Henrietta Throsby-Borashenko 277847.74 2014-11-21
501 Timmy Bongo 7.95 2014-11-04
105 William Greene 893.00 2015-01-06
300 Mary Galoway 1228.73 2014-12-28
203 Samantha Richardson 2055.44 2014-11-01
151 Bruce Wayne 956119.66 2014-10-09
166 Chip Stonesmith 266.71 2014-12-15
888 Alexandria Cooper 1299.82 2014-12-30

Application Specification

Our bank application must implement the following commands:

open <firstname> <lastname> Creates (opens) a new account printing a unique 3 digit account number.

withdraw <account> <amount> Withdraw amount from an account.

deposit <account> <amount> Deposit amount into an account.

close <account> Close account if empty.

report <fieldname> Print a report of the database sorted by fieldname. Move the fieldname column to the first position. Each column width will be the maximum of the widest data and fieldname width, separated by one space. The first line will be the field titles. The balances only must be right justified with a leading $ sign.

print <account> Print the fieldnames and record for this account formated like the report.

Each time a record is changed, the Date field in the record must be updated to the current date.

The application will show a "# " prompt when waiting for a command. If a command fails (such as an operation on an unknown account or insufficient funds), the application must print the informative error message "failed". The program must write changes back to the file after each change, and read from the file on each command as there are many teller programs around the world operating on the file concurrently (we don't need file locking - that may reduce performance).

EDIT: String fields are simple ASCII (a-z,A-Z,-) without white space and the amount will always be between 0.00 and 1000000000.00 (1 billion) dollars with 2 decimal places indicating cents. The date will be in local time at each branch (a simple solution but may lead to some problems later...).

Output

Answers will need to demonstrate that they meet the specification. Please attach the output from your program after processing the following commands:

report Balance
open Clark Kent
print 001
deposit 001 4530
withdraw 105 893
close 105
report Date

Ensure you use an original copy of the Bank.data file given above.

Scoring

This is code-golf, so your score will be the byte count of your code. Standard loopholes are prohibited.

Answer 1

T-SQL 1919

Called with "exec q 'Your command here'" I don't think T-SQL can actually get user input, so I think this is as close as it can be.

Uses the bcp utility for I/O which I haven't tried before because it comes with SQL Server 2014.

I'm not sure if it would be better or worse to use only the main stored procedure and put the rest of the code in there.

CREATE PROC q @ CHAR(99)AS
CREATE TABLE ##(A CHAR(3),F CHAR(99),L CHAR(99),B MONEY,D DATE)bcp ## in Bank.data -t " " -T
DECLARE @g INT,@w MONEY,@z CHAR(9),@y CHAR(99),@x CHAR(99)SET @g=patindex('% %',@)SET @z=substring(@,1,@g-1)SET @=substring(@,@g+1,99)SET @g=patindex('% %',@)SET @y=substring(@,1,@g-1)SET @=substring(@,@g+1,99)SET @g=patindex('% %',@)SET @x=substring(@,1,@g-1)SET @w=CONVERT(MONEY,@x)*2*(LEN(@z)-7.5)IF @z='open'exec o @y,@x
IF @z='close'exec c @y
IF @z='withdraw'exec w @y,@w
IF @z='deposit'exec w @y,@w
IF @z='print'exec p @y
IF @z='report'exec r @y
bcp ## out Bank.data -t " " -T
SELECT'#'
CREATE PROC r @q CHAR(9)AS
DECLARE @a char(9)='A Account',@f char(11)='F Firstname',@l char(10)='L Lastname',@b char(45)='CONCAT(''$'',SPACE(9-LEN(B)),B) Balance',@d char(6)='D Date',@ varchar(999)='SELECT '
IF @q='Account'SET @+=@a+','+@f+','+@l+','+@b+','+@d
IF @q='Balance'SET @+=@b+','+@a+','+@f+','+@l+','+@d
IF @q='Date'SET @+=@d+','+@a+','+@f+','+@l+','+@b
IF @q='Lastname'SET @+=@l+','+@a+','+@f+','+@b+','+@d
IF @q='Firstname'SET @+=@f+','+@a+','+@l+','+@b+','+@d
IF LEN(@)<9
BEGIN
SELECT'failed'RETURN
END
SET @+=' FROM ## ORDER BY '+@q
exec(@)CREATE PROC p @ CHAR(3)AS
DECLARE @r CHAR(9)=(SELECT 1 FROM ## WHERE A=@)IF @r IS NULL SELECT'failed'ELSE SELECT*FROM ## WHERE A=@
CREATE Proc o @f CHAR(99),@l CHAR(99)AS
DECLARE @ INT=0,@r CHAR(9)=(SELECT 1 FROM # WHERE A='000')WHILE @r IS NOT NULL
BEGIN

SET @+=1
SET @r=(SELECT 1 FROM # WHERE CONVERT(INT,A)=@)END
IF @>999 SELECT'failed'ELSE INSERT INTO # OUTPUT Inserted.A VALUES(REPLICATE('0',3-LEN(@))+CONVERT(CHAR(3),@),@f,@l,0,GETDATE())CREATE PROC w @ CHAR(3),@b MONEY AS
DECLARE @r CHAR(9)=(SELECT 1 FROM ## WHERE A=@ AND B>@b)IF @r IS NULL SELECT'failed'ELSE UPDATE ## SET B=B-@b,D=GETDATE()WHERE A=@
CREATE Proc c @q CHAR(3)AS
DECLARE @r CHAR(9)=(SELECT 1 FROM ## WHERE A=@q AND B=0)IF @r IS NULL SELECT'failed'ELSE DELETE FROM ## WHERE A=@q

Answer 2

Cobra - 1505

class P
    var m='Account Firstname Lastname Balance Date'
    def main
        while[d=DateTime.now.toString('yyyy-MM-dd'),z='0.00']
            print'#'stop
            try,branch (c=Console.readLine.split)[r=0]
                on'open'
                    post while u in for x in.f get x[0],u=(r+=1).toString('000')
                    print u
                    .f=.f.toList+[@[u,c[1],c[2],z,d]]
                on'deposit'or 'withdraw'
                    n=.z(if(c[0]>'deposit','-','')+c[2])
                    assert.z(.i(c[1])[3])+n>=0
                    .f=for x in.f get if(x[0]==c[1],@[x[:3].join(' '),'[(.z(x[3])+n).toString(z)]',d],x)
                on'close'
                    assert.i(c[1])[3]==z
                    .f=for x in.f where.i(c[1])<>x
                on'report',.a(.f,c[1])
                on'print',.a([.i(c[1])])
                else,assert 0
            catch
                print'failed'
    def z(s='')as float
        return float.parse(s)
    pro f as String[]?*
        get
            return for x in File.readAllLines('Bank.data')[1:]get x.split
        set
            File.writeAllLines('Bank.data',[.m]+for x in value get x.join(' '))
    def a(f as String[]?*,c='Account')
        i,l=(m=.m.split).toList.indexOf(c),[7,9,8,8,4]
        assert c in m
        print (for q in (for z in (for x in[m]+f.toList.sorted(do(a as String[],b as String[]))get for y in 5 get[t=try' '.repeat(l[y]-x[y].length)catch get'',if(y-3,x[y]+t,t+if(x==m,' ','$')+x[y])][1])get[z[i]]+for p in z where p<>z[i])get q.join(' ')).join('\n')
            for v in[a,b],for k in 5,if (u=v[k].length)>l[k],l[k]=u
            return[d=a[i].compareTo(b[i]),d,d,.z(a[3]).compareTo(.z(b[3])),DateTime.parse(a[4]).compareTo(DateTime.parse(b[4]))][i]
    def i(s='')as String[]?
        return (for x in.f where x[0]==s)[0]

Output:

#report Balance
   Balance Account Firstname  Lastname           Date      
     $7.95 501     Timmy      Bongo              2014-11-04
   $266.71 166     Chip       Stonesmith         2014-12-15
   $346.22 123     Maree      Jones              2014-12-13
   $893.00 105     William    Greene             2015-01-06
  $1228.73 300     Mary       Galoway            2014-12-28
  $1299.82 888     Alexandria Cooper             2014-12-30
  $2055.44 203     Samantha   Richardson         2014-11-01
  $3422.02 035     Thomas     Breakbone          2015-01-03
$277847.74 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko 2014-11-21
$956119.66 151     Bruce      Wayne              2014-10-09
#open Clark Kent
001
#print 001
Account Firstname Lastname   Balance Date
001     Clark     Kent         $0.00 2015-02-04
#deposit 001 4530
#withdraw 105 893
#close 105
#report Date
Date       Account Firstname  Lastname              Balance
2014-10-09 151     Bruce      Wayne              $956119.66
2014-11-01 203     Samantha   Richardson           $2055.44
2014-11-04 501     Timmy      Bongo                   $7.95
2014-11-21 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko $277847.74
2014-12-13 123     Maree      Jones                 $346.22
2014-12-15 166     Chip       Stonesmith            $266.71
2014-12-28 300     Mary       Galoway              $1228.73
2014-12-30 888     Alexandria Cooper               $1299.82
2015-01-03 035     Thomas     Breakbone            $3422.02
2015-02-04 001     Clark      Kent                 $4530.00

Answer 3

Ruby, 918

This question is quite long to golf as it consists of many small parts. For a moment, I almost wanted to define some additional classes to make things neater with polymorphism etc... (but in the end I didn't).

l=->a,i{a.map{|x|x[i].to_s.size}.max}
y=1..-1
d=File.open(f="bank.data").each.map(&:split)
j=[k=%w{Account Firstname Lastname Balance Date}]
_=->{puts"Failure"}
q=->t,v=0{z=-1;puts t.map{|r|([v]+((0..4).to_a-[v])).map{|c|b=l[t,c];c!=3?r[c].ljust(b):(?$*(z+=z<1?1:0)+r[c]).rjust(b>7?b+1:b)}*' '}}
w=->d{File.open(f,?w).write(d.map{|x|x*' '}*?\n)}
s=->i,m=!0{o=d.select{|r|r[0]==i};o==[]?_[]:m ?q[[k]+o]:1}
u=->{Time.now.to_s[0..9]}
($><<"# ";i=gets.split;o=i.size;("report"==h=i[0])?((v=k.index i[1])?q[j+d[y].sort_by{|x|v!=3?x[v]:x[v].to_f},v]:_[]):h=="print"?s[i[1],0]:h=="close"?(s[m=i[1]]?w[d=j+d[y].select{|r|r[0]!=m}]:0):h=="open"?((o==3&&t=((1..999).map{|x|'%03d'%x}-d.map{|x|x[0]})[0])?(w[d=d+[[t,i[1],i[2],'0.00',u[]]]];puts t):_[]):h=="withdraw"||h=="deposit"?(o==3&&s[i[1]]?w[d=j+d[y].map{|r|i[1]==r[0]?(b=(c=r[3].to_f)+i[2].to_f*(i[0][0]==?w?-1:1);0>b&&(b=c;_[]);r[0..2]+["%.2f"%b,u[]]):r}]:_[]):_[])while 1

Probably can be golfed further. But as of now, I can't even keep track of what I did in the last line.

Output:

# report Balance
   Balance Account Firstname  Lastname           Date      
     $7.95 501     Timmy      Bongo              2014-11-04
   $266.71 166     Chip       Stonesmith         2014-12-15
   $346.22 123     Maree      Jones              2014-12-13
   $893.00 105     William    Greene             2015-01-06
  $1228.73 300     Mary       Galoway            2014-12-28
  $1299.82 888     Alexandria Cooper             2014-12-30
  $2055.44 203     Samantha   Richardson         2014-11-01
  $3422.02 035     Thomas     Breakbone          2015-01-03
$277847.74 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko 2014-11-21
$956119.66 151     Bruce      Wayne              2014-10-09
# open Clark Kent
001
# print 001
Account Firstname Lastname Balance Date      
001     Clark     Kent       $0.00 2015-02-01
# deposit 001 4530
# withdraw 105 893
# close 105
# report Date
Date       Account Firstname  Lastname              Balance
2014-10-09 151     Bruce      Wayne              $956119.66
2014-11-01 203     Samantha   Richardson           $2055.44
2014-11-04 501     Timmy      Bongo                   $7.95
2014-11-21 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko $277847.74
2014-12-13 123     Maree      Jones                 $346.22
2014-12-15 166     Chip       Stonesmith            $266.71
2014-12-28 300     Mary       Galoway              $1228.73
2014-12-30 888     Alexandria Cooper               $1299.82
2015-01-03 035     Thomas     Breakbone            $3422.02
2015-02-01 001     Clark      Kent                 $4530.00
#

Answer 4

Python 2 - 2205 bytes

Here is a rather verbose attempt at a solution.

import sys, time, re
def db(recs):
    text = '\n'.join(' '.join(row) for row in [titles]+recs)
    open('Bank.data', 'wt').write(text+'\n')
def wid(col, recs):
    w = max(len(r[col]) for r in [titles]+recs)
    return w if col == 3 else -w
while 1:
    inp=raw_input('# ').split()
    try:
        cmd = inp.pop(0)
        data = [d.split() for d in open('Bank.data', 'rt').readlines()]
        titles = data.pop(0)
        today = '-'.join('%02u' % v for v in time.localtime()[:3])
        alist = set(int(r[0]) for r in data)
        if cmd == 'open':
            assert re.match(r'[-a-zA-Z]{2,}', inp[0]+inp[1])
            acct = '%03u'%([n for n in range(1, 1000) if n not in alist][0])
            rec = [acct] + inp + ['0.00', today]
            db(data+[rec])
            print acct
        elif cmd == 'withdraw':
            a, m = inp[0], float(inp[1])
            rec = [r for r in data if r[0] == a][0]
            b = float(rec[3])
            assert b >= m
            rec[3] = '%.2f' % (b-m)
            rec[4] = today
            db(data)
        elif cmd == 'deposit':
            a, m = inp[0], float(inp[1])
            rec=[r for r in data if r[0]==a][0]
            rec[3]='%.2f'%(float(rec[3])+m)
            rec[4]=today
            db(data)
        elif cmd=='close':
            rec=[r for r in data if r[0]==inp[0]][0]
            assert int(rec[3])==0
            data=[r for r in data if r!=rec]
            db(data)
        elif cmd=='report':
            for r in data: r[3]='$'+r[3]
            fmtlist=['%'+str(wid(c,data))+'s' for c in range(5)]
            loc=titles.index(inp[0])
            for r in data: r.insert(0,r.pop(loc))
            data.sort(key=lambda x: float(x[0][1:]) if loc==3 else x[0])
            titles.insert(0,titles.pop(loc))
            fmtlist.insert(0,fmtlist.pop(loc))
            for r in [titles]+data: print ' '.join(fmtlist)%tuple(r)
        elif cmd=='print':
            for r in data: r[3]='$'+r[3]
            rec=[r for r in data if r[0]==inp[0]][0]
            fmt=' '.join('%'+str(wid(c,[rec]))+'s' for c in range(5))
            for r in [titles,rec]: print fmt%tuple(r)
        else: raise()
    except:
        print 'failed'

Here is a sample of the application in use:

# report Balance
   Balance Account Firstname  Lastname           Date      
     $7.95 501     Timmy      Bongo              2014-11-04
   $266.71 166     Chip       Stonesmith         2014-12-15
   $346.22 123     Maree      Jones              2014-12-13
   $893.00 105     William    Greene             2015-01-06
  $1228.73 300     Mary       Galoway            2014-12-28
  $1299.82 888     Alexandria Cooper             2014-12-30
  $2055.44 203     Samantha   Richardson         2014-11-01
  $3422.02 035     Thomas     Breakbone          2015-01-03
$277847.74 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko 2014-11-21
$956119.66 151     Bruce      Wayne              2014-10-09
# open Clark Kent
001
# print 001
Account Firstname Lastname Balance Date      
001     Clark     Kent       $0.00 2015-01-13
# deposit 001 4530
# withdraw 105 893
# close 105
# report Date
Date       Account Firstname  Lastname              Balance
2014-10-09 151     Bruce      Wayne              $956119.66
2014-11-01 203     Samantha   Richardson           $2055.44
2014-11-04 501     Timmy      Bongo                   $7.95
2014-11-21 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko $277847.74
2014-12-13 123     Maree      Jones                 $346.22
2014-12-15 166     Chip       Stonesmith            $266.71
2014-12-28 300     Mary       Galoway              $1228.73
2014-12-30 888     Alexandria Cooper               $1299.82
2015-01-03 035     Thomas     Breakbone            $3422.02
2015-01-13 001     Clark      Kent                 $4530.00
# 

Answer 5

Batch - 1827

Batch is not built for this kind of thing.

@echo off&setLocal enableDelayedExpansion&set B=Bank.data&echo wscript.echo eval(wscript.arguments(0))>%temp%\eval1.vbs&set Z=goto :EOF&set V=call&set F=for /l %%a in (1,1,
:m
set C=-1&set D=%date:~-4%-%date:~-7,2%-%date:~-10,2%
for /f "tokens=1-5" %%a in (%B%)do set/aC+=1 &set !C!=%%a %%b %%c %%d %%e&set !C!n=%%a&set !C!f=%%b&set !C!s=%%c&set !C!b=%%d&set !C!d=%%e&set A=%%a&set/aA+=1
set/pI="#"
%V% :%I% 2>nul||echo failed&goto m
goto m
:open
echo %A% %1 %2 0.00 %D%>>%B%&echo %A%&%Z%
:close
echo !0!>%B%&%F%!C!)do if "!%%an!" NEQ "%1" (echo !%%a!>>%B%)else if !%%ab! GTR 0.00 echo failed & echo !%%a!>>%B%
%Z%
:deposit
%F%!C!)do if "!%%an!"=="%1" set p=%%a
%V% :c "!%p%b!+%2"
set %p%b=%r%&set %p%d=%D%&%V% :u
%Z%
:withdraw
%F%!C!)do if "!%%an!"=="%1" set p=%%a
%V% :c "!%p%b!-%2"&if "%r:~0,1%"=="-" echo failed&%Z%
set %p%b=%r%&set %p%d=%D%&%V% :u
%Z%
:report
for /l %%a in (1,1,50)do set H= !H!
for /l %%a in (0,1,!C!)do (
%V% :l !%%an!&set %%anl=!l!&if !l! GTR !tn! set/atn=!l!
%V% :l !%%af!&set %%afl=!l!&if !l! GTR !tf! set/atf=!l!
%V% :l !%%as!&set %%asl=!l!&if !l! GTR !ts! set/ats=!l!
%V% :l !%%ab!&set %%abl=!l!&if !l! GTR !tb! set/atb=!l!
)
for /l %%a in (0,1,!C!)do %V% :c "%tn%-!%%anl!"&set sn=!r:~0,-3!&%V% :t !sn!&set pn=!x!&%V% :c "%tf%-!%%afl!"&set sf=!r:~0,-3!&%V% :t !sf!&set pf=!x!&%V% :c "%ts%-!%%asl!"&set ss=!r:~0,-3!&%V% :t !ss!&set ps=!x!&%V% :c "%tb%-!%%abl!"&set sb=!r:~0,-3!&%V% :t !sb!&set pb=!x!&echo !%%an!!pn! !%%af!!pf! !%%as!!ps! !pb!$!%%ab! !%%ad!
%Z%
:l
set S=%1&for /f usebackq %%a in (`Powershell "'!S!'.Length"`)do set l=%%a
%Z%
:t
set x=!H:~0,%1!
%Z%
:u
echo !0!>%B%&%F%!C!)do echo !%%an! !%%af! !%%as! !%%ab! !%%ad!>>%B%&%Z%
:c
for /f %%a in ('cscript //nologo %temp%\eval1.vbs "round(%1,2)"')do set r=%%a
if "%r:~-3,1%" NEQ "." set r=%r%.00

Yet to implement Sort (within report), and Print functions.

Answer 6

STATA 1506

Didn't try to golf it too much. I figured a statistical language would be better at this, but apparently.

set more off
while 1<2{
qui insheet using Bank.data,delim(" ")clear case
form A %-03.0f
form B %10.2f
form D %-10s
form F %-50s
form L %-50s
g K="$"+string(B,"%10.2f")
di"#",_r(q)
loc s: di %tdCCYY-NN-DD date(c(current_date),"DMY")
if word("$q",1)=="open"{
forv x=0/999{
egen c=anymatch(A),v(`x')
if c<1{
egen m=min(A)
cap expand 2 if A==m,gen(z)
replace A=`x' if A==m&z>0
replace B=0 if A==`x'
replace F=word("$q",2) if A==`x'
replace L=word("$q",3) if A==`x'
replace D="`s'" if A==`x'
di"`x'"
outsheet A-D using Bank.data,delim(" ")replace
continue, br
}
if `x'==999{
di"failed"
}
drop c
}
continue
}
if word("$q",1)=="report"{
ren B R
ren K Balance
if word("$q",2)=="Account"{
so A
l A-L B D,clean noo
}
else if word("$q",2)=="Date"{
so D
l D A-L B,clean noo
}
else if word("$q",2)=="Lastname"{
so L
l L A F B D,clean noo
}
else if word("$q",2)=="Balance"{
so R
l B A-L D,clean noo
}
else if word("$q",2)=="Firstname"{
so F
l F A L B D,clean noo
}
else{
di"failed"
}
continue
}
gen i=real(word("$q",2))
egen p=min(abs(A-i))
if p>0{
di"failed"
continue
}
if word("$q",1)=="close"{
egen c=count(i)
drop if A==i&B==0
qui cou
if c==r(N){
di"failed"
continue
}
}
if word("$q",1)=="print"{
drop Balance
ren K Balance
l A-L B D if A==i,noo clean ab(9)
continue
}
gen j=real(word("$q",3))
if word("$q",1)=="withdraw"{
replace B=B-j if A==i
egen c=min(B)
if c<0{
di"failed"
continue
}
}
if word("$q",1)=="deposit"{
replace B=B+j if A==i
}
replace D="`s'" if A==i
outsheet A-D using Bank.data,delim(" ")replace
}

Answer 7

C# - 1952 1883

I will show some output when I get in tomorrow. For now, here's the submission:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using S=System.String;using O=System.Func<dynamic,string,string>;class I{char[]c={' '};Action<string>w;Func<S,S,S,S,S,dynamic>n;Func<string>N;List<dynamic>T;private static void Main(string[]a){while(true){Console.Write("# ");new I().Parse(Console.ReadLine());}}I(){w=Console.WriteLine;n=(g,h,i,j,k)=>new{a=g,f=h,l=i,b=j,d=k};N=()=>DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");}List<dynamic>G(){return File.ReadAllLines("test.data").Select(l=>l.Split(c)).Select(ac=>n(ac[0],ac[1],ac[2],ac[3],ac[4])).ToList();}void W(){File.WriteAllLines("test.data",T.Select(a=>(S)(a.a+" "+a.f+" "+a.l+" "+a.b+" "+a.d)));}void Parse(string inp){var C=true;try{Func<object,float>v=Convert.ToSingle;Func<string,bool>s=string.IsNullOrEmpty;var i=inp.Split(c);T=G();Func<S,int>F=m=>T.IndexOf(T.FirstOrDefault(a=>a.a==m));C=!s(i[1]);var g=F(i[1]);switch(i[0]){case"open":if(C){int an=0;var cs="000";while(T.Any(A=>cs==A.a)){an++;cs=an.ToString("D3");}T.Add(n(cs,i[1],i[2],"0.00",N()));w(cs);}break;case"withdraw":case"deposit":var D=i[0]=="deposit";C=(D||v(T[g].b)>=v(i[2]));var ba=(v(T[g].b)+v(i[2])*(D?1:-1)).ToString("F");if(C)T[g]=n(T[g].a,T[g].f,T[g].l,ba,N());break;case"close":C=g>-1&&v(T[g].b)<=0;if(C)T.RemoveAt(g);break;case"report":case"print":var X=i[0]=="print";var B=1;O o=(x,p)=>((Type)x.GetType()).GetProperty(p).GetValue(x);O K=(k,j)=>{var r=(j=="b"?"$":"");var P=T.Max(_=>(o(_,j)).Length);return r==""?(o(k,j)).PadRight(P):((B<1?r:"")+(o(k,j))).PadLeft(P+1);};var q=i[1];Action<dynamic,S>U=(u,t)=>{S l=""; foreach(var h in t)l+=K(u,h.ToString())+" "; w(l);};q=q=="Account"?"a":q=="Firstname"?"f":q=="Lastname"?"l":q=="Balance"?"b":q=="Date"?"d":"a"; var V=(q+"afldb".Replace(q,""));U(T.First(),V);B=0;foreach(var M in(X?T.Skip(1).Take(1):T.Skip(1).OrderBy(df=>o(df,q))))U(M,V);break;}W();}catch{}if(!C)w("Failed");}}

Answer 8

C# - 1870 1881 Bytes

Abusing using aliases, Action, Func, exceptions for flow control and more. Was considering exploiting that "report" didn't specify how things should be sorted. Bank.data must use unix line breaks or this code will break.

Edited to fix a potential issue sorting by fields other than Date and Balance.

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using Ac=System.Action;using Cn=System.Console;using F1=System.Func<string,int>;using F2=System.Func<string>;using S=System.String;class P{static void Main(S[] args){S fn="Bank.data";List<S>ad=null;F1 L=(s)=>s.Length;F2 dt=()=>S.Format("{0:yyyy-MM-dd}",DateTime.Now);Func<S,S[]>sp=(s)=>s.Split(' ');Action<S,S>wl=(s,fm)=>Cn.WriteLine(S.Format(fm,sp(s)));Func<S,S>rs=(s)=>{var t=sp(s);t[3]="$"+t[3];return S.Join(" ",t);};F2 fs=()=>{int[]sz={7,9,8,7};ad.Skip(1).ToList().ForEach(b=>{for(int c=0;c<4;c++){sz[c]=Math.Max(sz[c],L(sp(rs(b))[c]));}});return"{0,-"+sz[0]+"} {1,-"+sz[1]+"} {2,-"+sz[2]+"} {3,"+sz[3]+"} {4,-10}";};F1 k=(s)=>sp(ad[0]).ToList().FindIndex(a=>a==s);Ac Sv=()=>File.WriteAllText(fn,S.Join("\n",ad));Ac Ld=()=>ad=File.ReadAllText(fn).Split('\n').ToList();Action<int,S>R=(r,a)=>{var s=sp(ad[r]);s[3]=S.Format("{0:#.00}",Convert.ToDouble(s[3])+Convert.ToDouble(a));s[4]=dt();ad[r]=S.Join(" ",s);};Ac f=()=>wl("failure","{0}");F1 ri=(n)=>{for(int w=1;w < ad.Count;w++){if(ad[w].StartsWith(n))return w;}return -1;};F2 nm=()=>{var s="";for(int i=1;i<1000;i++){s=S.Format("{0:000}",i);if (ri(s)<0)break;}return s;};for(;;){Cn.Write("# ");S i=Cn.ReadLine();var it=sp(i+" ");Ld();var n=ri(it[1]);it=sp(i);var a=new Dictionary<S,Ac>(){{"deposit",()=>R(n,it[2])},{"withdraw",()=>R(n,"-"+it[2])},{"close",()=>(sp(ad[n])[3]==".00"?()=>ad.RemoveAt(n):f)()},{"open",()=>{var nn=nm();ad.Add(S.Format("{0} {1} {2} .00 {3}",nn,it[1],it[2],dt()));wl(nn,"{0}");}},{"print",()=>{wl(ad[0],fs());wl(rs(ad[n]),fs());}},{"report",()=>{var ks=sp(fs()).ToList();var ki=k(it[1]);ks.Insert(0,ks[ki]);ks.RemoveAt(ki+1);var kf=S.Join(" ",ks);wl(ad[0],kf);ad.Skip(1).OrderBy(b=>(ki==3?new S('0',11-L(sp(b)[ki])):"")+sp(b)[ki]).ToList().ForEach(b=>wl(rs(b),kf));}}};try{a[it[0]]();Sv();}catch(Exception){f();}}}}

Output:

# report Balance
   Balance Account Firstname  Lastname           Date
     $7.95 501     Timmy      Bongo              2014-11-04
   $266.71 166     Chip       Stonesmith         2014-12-15
   $346.22 123     Maree      Jones              2014-12-13
   $893.00 105     William    Greene             2015-01-06
  $1228.73 300     Mary       Galoway            2014-12-28
  $1299.82 888     Alexandria Cooper             2014-12-30
  $2055.44 203     Samantha   Richardson         2014-11-01
  $3422.02 035     Thomas     Breakbone          2015-01-03
$277847.74 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko 2014-11-21
$956119.66 151     Bruce      Wayne              2014-10-09
# open Clark Kent
001
# print 001
Account Firstname  Lastname              Balance Date
001     Clark      Kent                     $.00 2015-02-03
# deposit 001 4530
# withdraw 105 893
# close 105
# report Date
Date       Account Firstname  Lastname              Balance
2014-10-09 151     Bruce      Wayne              $956119.66
2014-11-01 203     Samantha   Richardson           $2055.44
2014-11-04 501     Timmy      Bongo                   $7.95
2014-11-21 422     Henrietta  Throsby-Borashenko $277847.74
2014-12-13 123     Maree      Jones                 $346.22
2014-12-15 166     Chip       Stonesmith            $266.71
2014-12-28 300     Mary       Galoway              $1228.73
2014-12-30 888     Alexandria Cooper               $1299.82
2015-01-03 035     Thomas     Breakbone            $3422.02
2015-02-03 001     Clark      Kent                 $4530.00
#