Count characters, turn them into a cipher

Question

Problem:

You must make a program that does the following:

• takes a large string of lowercase text, and counts all the occurrences of each letter.
• then you put the letters in order from greatest to least occurences.
• then you take that list and turns it into an encoder/decoder for the text.
• then encodes the text with that cipher.

Hard to understand? See this example:

Example:

Input text:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc sed dui at nisi euismod pellentesque ac sed enim. Nullam auctor justo quis diam faucibus, eu fringilla est porttitor. Pellentesque vel pharetra nisl. Vestibulum congue ultrices magna a fringilla. Quisque porttitor, risus suscipit pellentesque tristique, orci lorem accumsan nisi, scelerisque viverra turpis metus sit amet sapien. Fusce facilisis diam turpis, nec lobortis dui blandit nec. Vestibulum ac urna ut lacus commodo sollicitudin nec non velit. Nulla cursus urna sem, at tincidunt sem molestie vel. Nullam fringilla ante eu dolor bibendum, posuere iaculis nunc lacinia. Sed ac pretium est, vel scelerisque nisl. Phasellus lobortis dolor sodales sapien mollis hendrerit. Integer scelerisque tempor tellus, viverra varius neque mattis in. Integer porta vestibulum nisl, et feugiat tortor tincidunt vel. Aenean dignissim eleifend faucibus. Morbi nec neque vel ante pulvinar mollis eu in ipsum.

Convert to lowercase.

Char count (per letter. spaces and punctuation ignored):

[('a', 49), ('b', 11), ('c', 34), ('d', 22), ('e', 93), ('f', 9), ('g', 10), ('h', 3), ('i', 89), ('j', 1), ('k', 0), ('l', 61), ('m', 31), ('n', 56), ('o', 37), ('p', 20), ('q', 12), ('r', 47), ('s', 71), ('t', 59), ('u', 65), ('v', 15), ('w', 0), ('x', 0), ('y', 0), ('z', 0)]

Ordered char count:

[('e', 93), ('i', 89), ('s', 71), ('u', 65), ('l', 61), ('t', 59), ('n', 56), ('a', 49), ('r', 47), ('o', 37), ('c', 34), ('m', 31), ('d', 22), ('p', 20), ('v', 15), ('q', 12), ('b', 11), ('g', 10), ('f', 9), ('h', 3), ('j', 1), ('k', 0), ('w', 0), ('x', 0), ('y', 0), ('z', 0)]

Then create a lookup table using the original and sorted lists:

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
eisultnarocmdpvqbgfhjkwxyz

Python dictionary:

{'o': 'v', 'n': 'p', 'm': 'd', 'l': 'm', 'k': 'c', 'j': 'o', 'i': 'r', 'h': 'a', 'g': 'n', 'f': 't', 'e': 'l', 'd': 'u', 'c': 's', 'b': 'i', 'a': 'e', 'z': 'z', 'y': 'y', 'x': 'x', 'w': 'w', 'v': 'k', 'u': 'j', 't': 'h', 's': 'f', 'r': 'g', 'q': 'b', 'p': 'q'}

And now encode the original text with this lookup table:

'Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl klm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl krklgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp klmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl klm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, klm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, krklgge kegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe klfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph klm. Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl klm ephl qjmkrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.'

I love python!

Rules:

• Your program will accept a string and output one.
• Convert all input to lowercase before doing anything
• I don't care how you do the list sorting, but only count lowercase letters
• Bonus points (-30) for making a decryptor (no copying the decryption list, do it from scratch
• This is code-golf, so the shortest code wins!
• Have fun!

Answer 1

GolfScript, 39 characters

:I{97,26,{97+}%{[.32-]I\-,}$+'{|}~'+=}%

Online version for testing. Note that the sorting is not defined if multiple characters have the same count in the input string.

Example output

Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl wlm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl wrwlgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp wlmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl wlm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, wlm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, wrwlgge wegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe wlfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph wlm. Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl wlm ephl qjmwrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.

Answer 2

Bash/coreutils, 91 chars

tr a-z `echo {a..z} $1|fold -w1|grep '[a-z]'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn|awk '{printf $2}'`<<<$1

Save as cipher.sh, chmod +x it and run:

$ ./cipher.sh "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc sed dui at nisi euismod pellentesque ac sed enim. Nullam auctor justo quis diam faucibus, eu fringilla est porttitor. Pellentesque vel pharetra nisl. Vestibulum congue ultrices magna a fringilla. Quisque porttitor, risus suscipit pellentesque tristique, orci lorem accumsan nisi, scelerisque viverra turpis metus sit amet sapien. Fusce facilisis diam turpis, nec lobortis dui blandit nec. Vestibulum ac urna ut lacus commodo sollicitudin nec non velit. Nulla cursus urna sem, at tincidunt sem molestie vel. Nullam fringilla ante eu dolor bibendum, posuere iaculis nunc lacinia. Sed ac pretium est, vel scelerisque nisl. Phasellus lobortis dolor sodales sapien mollis hendrerit. Integer scelerisque tempor tellus, viverra varius neque mattis in. Integer porta vestibulum nisl, et feugiat tortor tincidunt vel. Aenean dignissim eleifend faucibus. Morbi nec neque vel ante pulvinar mollis eu in ipsum."
Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl jlm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl jrjlgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp jlmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl jlm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, jlm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, jrjlgge jegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe jlfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph jlm. Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl jlm ephl qjmjrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.
$ 

Answer 3

Ruby, 104 92 91 characters

Saved quite a few characters thanks to @Chron

f=->(s){m=[*?a..?z];l=m.map{|x|[-s.downcase.count(x),x]};s.tr(m*'',l.sort.transpose[1]*'')}

Online Version here. Sorting of characters with the same count is not defined, as mentioned in another answer. With the input "asdf", each answer has another output so far.

In other words: all answers have the same behaviour (thus represent a decodable encoding) when the input contains the whole alphabet with each letter having a unique count.

Answer 4

Mathematica 171

f@m_:=StringReplace[m,Thread[(CharacterRange["a",
FromCharacterCode[96+Length@(l=Reverse@SortBy[Tally[Select[Characters@m,
(LetterQ@#\[And]LowerCaseQ@#)&]],Last][[All,1]])]])->l ]]

Assuming t is the Lorem ipsum text.

f[t]

"Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh,svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh.Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd.Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf,lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg.Plmmlphlfbjl vlm qaeglhge prfm.Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme.Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg,grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl,vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr,fslmlgrfbjl vrvlgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp.Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf,pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls.Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp vlmrh.Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld,eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl vlm.Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd,qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre.Slu es qglhrjd lfh,vlm fslmlgrfbjl prfm.Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh.Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf,vrvlgge vegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp.Iphlnlg qvghe vlfhrijmjd prfm,lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph vlm.Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf.Mvgir pls plbjl vlm ephl qjmvrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd."

The replacement rules generated by Thread…-> l were:

{"a" -> "e", "b" -> "i", "c" -> "s", "d" -> "u", "e" -> "l", "f" -> "t", "g" -> "n", "h" -> "a", "i" -> "r", "j" -> "o", "k" -> "c", "l" -> "m", "m" -> "d", "n" -> "p", "o" -> "v", "p" -> "q", "q" -> "b", "r" -> "g", "s" -> "f", "t" -> "h", "u" -> "j"}

Answer 5

K, 43

{x^(b!b^26$>#:'=a@&(a:_x)in b:"c"$97+!26)x}

Answer 6

C# 386

using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;namespace N{class P{static void Main(string[]a){char[] f="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();Dictionary<char,int>l=new Dictionary<char,int>();foreach (char c in f) l.Add(c, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc sed dui at nisi euismod pellentesque ac sed enim. Nullam auctor justo quis diam faucibus, eu fringilla est porttitor. Pellentesque vel pharetra nisl. Vestibulum congue ultrices magna a fringilla. Quisque porttitor, risus suscipit pellentesque tristique, orci lorem accumsan nisi, scelerisque viverra turpis metus sit amet sapien. Fusce facilisis diam turpis, nec lobortis dui blandit nec. Vestibulum ac urna ut lacus commodo sollicitudin nec non velit. Nulla cursus urna sem, at tincidunt sem molestie vel. Nullam fringilla ante eu dolor bibendum, posuere iaculis nunc lacinia. Sed ac pretium est, vel scelerisque nisl. Phasellus lobortis dolor sodales sapien mollis hendrerit. Integer scelerisque tempor tellus, viverra varius neque mattis in. Integer porta vestibulum nisl, et feugiat tortor tincidunt vel. Aenean dignissim eleifend faucibus. Morbi nec neque vel ante pulvinar mollis eu in ipsum.".ToLower().Trim().Count(v => v == c));foreach (KeyValuePair<char, int> i in l.OrderByDescending(p => p.Value))System.Console.Write(i.Key +""+i.Value);}}}

Uncompressed.

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
namespace N {
    class P {
        static void Main(string[]a){
            char[] f="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();
            Dictionary<char,int>l=new Dictionary<char,int>();
            foreach (char c in f) 
                l.Add(c, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc sed dui at nisi euismod pellentesque ac sed enim. Nullam auctor justo quis diam faucibus, eu fringilla est porttitor. Pellentesque vel pharetra nisl. Vestibulum congue ultrices magna a fringilla. Quisque porttitor, risus suscipit pellentesque tristique, orci lorem accumsan nisi, scelerisque viverra turpis metus sit amet sapien. Fusce facilisis diam turpis, nec lobortis dui blandit nec. Vestibulum ac urna ut lacus commodo sollicitudin nec non velit. Nulla cursus urna sem, at tincidunt sem molestie vel. Nullam fringilla ante eu dolor bibendum, posuere iaculis nunc lacinia. Sed ac pretium est, vel scelerisque nisl. Phasellus lobortis dolor sodales sapien mollis hendrerit. Integer scelerisque tempor tellus, viverra varius neque mattis in. Integer porta vestibulum nisl, et feugiat tortor tincidunt vel. Aenean dignissim eleifend faucibus. Morbi nec neque vel ante pulvinar mollis eu in ipsum.".ToLower().Trim().Count(v => v == c));
            foreach (KeyValuePair<char, int> i in l.OrderByDescending(p => p.Value))
                System.Console.Write(i.Key +""+i.Value);
        }
    }
}

Answer 7

PHP, 151

^{(with setting short_open_tag = On)}

<?$c=array_slice(count_chars(strtolower($s=$argv[1])),97,26,1);arsort($c);echo strtr($s,array_combine(range('a','z'),array_map('chr',array_keys($c))));

This expects the text as the first argument to the script. Like so:

php cypher.php "Lorem ipsum [...]"

Answer 8

R, 137

l=letters;s=strsplit(readline(),"")[[1]];g=grep("[a-z]",s);s[g]=names(sort(table(factor(tolower(s),l)),d=T))[match(s[g],l)];cat(s,sep="")

Output (based on example in question):

Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl klm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl krklgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp klmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl klm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, klm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, krklgge kegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe klfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph klm. Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl klm ephl qjmkrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.

Answer 9

Smalltalk, 138

input in s:

m:=(s select:[:c|cisLetter])asLowercase asBag sortedCounts map:#value.
i:=($ato:$z).m:=m,(i copyWithoutAll:m).
s copyTransliterating:i to:m

the decoder is:

s copyTransliterating:m to:i

but as (if I understand correctly) I may not reuse "i" and "m", I'll golf without it. Code above has two additional CRs inserted for readability, which were uncounted in the char count.

Answer 10

Clojure, 135

(Assuming the input text is contained in the var s)

(let[a(map char(range 97 123))m(->> s .toLowerCase frequencies(sort-by val >)keys(filter(set a))(zipmap a))](apply str(map #(m % %)s)))

Answer 11

Python 2.7 (147)

Not the shortest code at all but as Python is not yet represented and as I see "I love python!" in the problem setting, here I go,

import sys;s=sys.argv[1];a=map(chr,range(97,123));print"".join([sorted(a,key=lambda x:-s.lower().count(x))[ord(c)-97]if c in a else c for c in s])

Expects the input string to be passed via the command line. (number of characters are reduced to 122 if the input string was magically inserted into the variable "s")

a=map(chr,range(97,123));print"".join([sorted(a,key=lambda x:-s.lower().count(x))[ord(c)-97]if c in a else c for c in s])

Ouput

Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr ljrfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpnrmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl klm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf denpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl krklgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl tesrmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf svddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp klmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlfhrl klm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, klm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrlp dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, krklgge kegrjf plbjl dehhrf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe klfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph klm. Alplep urnprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl klm ephl qjmkrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.

Answer 12

Perl, 84

$c{$_}++for lc($_=<>)=~/./g;@h{a..z}=sort{$c{$b}-$c{$a}}a..z;s/[a-z]/$h{$&}/ge;print

.

perl cipher.pl

.. input skipped ..

Lvgld rqfjd uvmvg frh edlh, svpflshlhjg eurqrfsrpn lmrh. Njps flu ujr eh prfr lj rfdvu qlmmlphlfbjl es flu lprd. Njmmed ejshvg ojfhv bjrf ured tejsrijf, lj tgrpn rmme lfh qvghhrhvg. Plmmlphlfbjl klm qaeglhge prfm. Vlfhrijmjd svpnjl jmhgrslf d enpe e tgrpnrmme. Qjrfbjl qvghhrhvg, grfjf fjfsrqrh qlmmlphlfbjl hgrfhrbjl, vgsr mvgld essjdfep prfr, fslmlgrfbjl krklgge hjgqrf dlhjf frh edlh feqrlp. Fjfsl te srmrfrf ured hjgqrf, pls mvivghrf ujr imepurh pls. Vlfhrijmjd es jgpe jh mesjf s vddvuv fvmmrsrhjurp pls pvp klmrh. Njmme sjgfjf jgpe fld, eh hrpsrujph fld dvmlf hrl klm. Njmmed tgrpnrmme ephl lj uvmvg irilpujd, qvfjlgl resjmrf pjps mesrpre. Slu es qglhrjd lfh, klm fslmlgrfbjl prfm. Paeflmmjf mvivghrf uvmvg fvuemlf feqrl p dvmmrf alpuglgrh. Iphlnlg fslmlgrfbjl hldqvg hlmmjf, krklgge kegrjf plbjl dehh rf rp. Iphlnlg qvghe klfhrijmjd prfm, lh tljnreh hvghvg hrpsrujph klm. Alplep ur nprffrd lmlrtlpu tejsrijf. Mvgir pls plbjl klm ephl qjmkrpeg dvmmrf lj rp rqfjd.

P.S. Was it a joke, about decipher? Or should I claim 30 bonus for proving it impossible? Is aab deciphered to aab or bba? Or babaca, was it cacaba or ababcb in original, or babaca itself, literally?

Answer 13

C# – 393 bytes

string e(string i){char[] f="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();Dictionary<char,int>l=new Dictionary<char,int>();foreach (char c in f) l.Add(c, i.ToLower().Count(v => v == c));var w = (l.OrderByDescending(p => p.Value)).ToDictionary(q=>q.Key, y=>y.Value);var z = w.Keys.ToList();string r = "";foreach(char c in i) {if((int)c <=97 || (int)c>=122)r+=c;else r += z[((int)c-97)];}return r;}

The extended version of @PauloHDSousa’s answer…