Shortest method to implement the Pythagorean Theorem

Question

Who doesn't love the Pythagorean theorem \$a^2+b^2=c^2\$? Write the shortest method you can in any language that takes in value a and b and prints out The hypotenuse of this right triangle is c. Keep c to only three decimal places.

Answer 1

APL (54)

'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is',3⍕.5*⍨+/⎕*2

Test:

      'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is',3⍕.5*⍨+/⎕*2
⎕:
      9 10
The hypotenuse of this right triangle is 13.454

Explanation:

• ⎕*2: raise the values in the input to the second power
• +/: take the sum
• .5*⍨: raise the result to the 0.5th power
• 3⍕: round to 3 decimal places

Answer 2

TI-BASIC, 76 55 53 52 bytes

Input :Disp "THE HYPOTENUSE OF THIS RIGHT TRIANGLE IS
Fix 3:R▶Pr(X,Y

No, a closing parentheses is not required. Also, less bytes than that APL answer :)

Answer 3

Python 2.7 - 76 Characters

print'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f'%abs(input()+1j*input())

Explanation

$$|a+bi| = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2} = c \\ \implies a^2 + b^2 = c^2$$

PJ on hypotenuse

Teacher: "Can you tell me, what is hypotenuse?"

LJ: "Hypotenuse, an easy question. If there's a high profile party last night, and you read it in the news paper, its called High Party News"

Answer 4

Sclipting, 46 characters

글坼各갠方終加감半方갾밈乘增貶껠矽녆둥긆둹댆뭴뉖멵댶넠닶눠덆둩댲걲늖덨덂건댦땡닦덬뉒걩댲밀⓶

Expects the input as two numbers (can be fractional!) separated by a space.

This is shorter than APL, despite having to use a few inconvenient tricks.

Explanation

글坼 | split at space
各 | for each...
  갠方 | to the power of two
終
加 | add
감半方 | to the power of one half
갾밈乘 | multiply by 1000
增貶 | increment, then decrement (kludge for rounding)
껠矽 | insert '.' at 4th-last character position
녆둥긆둹댆뭴뉖멵댶넠닶눠덆둩댲걲늖덨덂건댦땡닦덬뉒걩댲밀⓶ | "The hypotenuse..."

Answer 5

dc 54

Tangents the score of the APL answer!

2^r2^+3kv[The hypotenuse of this right triangle is ]Pp

Test:

$ dc
3 4
2^r2^+3kv[The hypotenuse of this right triangle is ]Pp
The hypotenuse of this right triangle is 5.000

Answer 6

C, 77 or 99

77 characters if input can just be the function arguments:

f(a,b){printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f\n",hypot(a,b));}

99 if input must be read from stdin:

a,b;f(){scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f\n",hypot(a,b));}

A big thanks to @Yimin Rong!

Answer 7

Powershell

Just to see if i could...

echo "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is " ([math]::round([math]::sqrt(([math]::pow(([double](Read-Host -p "A")),2) + [math]::pow(([double](Read-Host -p "B")),2))),3))

Answer 8

Ruby, 94 90 82 chars

p "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f"%(Math.sqrt(gets.to_i**2+gets.to_i**2))

Update (thanks for the comments):

p "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f"%(gets.to_i**2+gets.to_i**2)**0.5

Answer 9

Whispers v2, ¹³³, 93 bytes

> Input
> Input
> "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f"
>> 1⊿2
>> 3%4
>> Output 5

Try it online!

The major part of this program is calculating the decimal point's index and truncating to 3 digits. -40 bytes from Leo!

Answer 10

MATLAB 79 74

@(a,b)sprintf('The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f',norm([a b]))

Answer 11

Python 2.7 - 80 chars

print'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f'%(input()**2+input()**2)**.5

Answer 12

C++ - 90

void h(int a,int b){printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f\n",hypot(a,b));}

Answer 13

Perl 6 (68 74 bytes)

{printf "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f
",sqrt [+] @_ X**2}

{} declares a lambda function. [+] is sum operator, X** is cross power operator (for example, 1, 2 X+ 10, 20 gives 11, 21, 12, 22). In this case, cross power operator takes one argument, so the result has the same length as @_. @_ contains all function arguments.

If it's disallowed to have function that may take wrong number of arguments (unsafe), it's possible to replace [+] @_ X**2 with $^a**2+$^b**2, where $^a and $^b are placeholder arguments.

Answer 14

Javascript (97)

x=prompt;a=x(),b=x();x('The hypotenuse of this right triangle is '+Math.sqrt(a*a+b*b).toFixed(3))

Answer 15

C, 100 chars (beats the other C solution by 1!)

A ridiculously inefficient algorithm.

x;f(a,b){for(;x-a*a-b*b;x=rand());printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f",sqrt(x));}

Answer 16

DELPHI / PASCAL

With indent (157)

program p;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
var a,b:integer;
begin
     readln(a,b);
     writeln('the hypotenuse of this right triangle is',sqrt(b*b+a*a):2:3);
end.

Answer 17

EcmaScript 6, 82 79

f=(a,b)=>"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "+Math.hypot(a,b).toFixed(3)

Usage:

f(3, 5)
> "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is 5"

Update: Switch to Math.hypot()

Answer 18

Golfscript (69 67 66 65)

This would be much easier if floating point was actually supported without resorting to workarounds... :)

~'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is '@.*@.*+2-1??+.'.'?4+<

A link to test it.

Answer 19

Python 2 (79)

def p(a,b):print'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3d'%((a*a+b*b)**.5)

Answer 20

AWK — 84 78 characters

awk '{printf"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f\n",($1^2+$2^2)^.5}'

Thanks to Wasi for suggesting ^ operator and removing ()!

e.g.

$ echo 3 4 | awk '{printf"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f\n",($1^2+$2^2)^.5}'
The hypotenuse of this right triangle is 5.000

Answer 21

PowerShell: 111

Golfed Code

1..2|%{sv $_ (read-host)};"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is $("{0:N3}"-f[math]::sqrt($1/1*$1+$2/1*$2))"

Walkthrough

1..2|%{sv $_ (read-host)}; Gets two inputs interactively from the user, and stores them in $1 and $2. Might be able to cut some length by using arguments or pipeline inputs instead.

"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is Required text in the output, per the challenge specifications.

$(...)" Encapsulated code block will be processed as script before being included in the output.

"{0:N3}"-f Formats output from the next bit of code as a number with exactly three digits after the decimal point.

[math]::sqrt(...) Gets the square root of the encapsulated value.

$1/1*$1+$2/1*$2 Serves as our "a^2+b^2". Multiplying a number by itself is the shortest way to square it in PowerShell, but the variables need to be divided by 1 first to force them to integers. Otherwise, they are treated as text and 3*3+4*4 would be 3334444 instead of 25.

Answer 22

JavaScript: 83

i=prompt,'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is '+Math.hypot(i(),i()).toFixed(3)

Currently the shortest JS implementation using stdin :D
Works only on Firefox 27.0+ (EcmaScript 6)

JavaScript: 78

If we can use just two variables (as lot of scripts do here):

a=2,b=3,'The hypotenuse of this right triangle is '+Math.hypot(a,b).toFixed(3)

Answer 23

dc, 55

3k?d*?d*+v[The hypotenuse of this right triangle is ]Pp

Answer 24

Java, 112

(Also prints out a No Such Method error, though I'm not sure if this is against the rules)

class A{static{int a=1,b=1;System.out.printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f",Math.hypot(a,b));}}

Java, 149

(No error)

class A{static{int a=1,b=1;System.out.printf("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is %.3f",Math.hypot(a,b));}public static void main(String[] a){}}

Answer 25

C#

Method Only (114)

void H(double a, double b)
{
    Console.Write("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is {0:N3}", Math.Sqrt(a * a + b * b)); 
}

Complete Program (171)

using System;
class P
{        
   static void H(double a, double b)
   {
     Console.Write("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is {0:N3}", Math.Sqrt(a * a + b * b));
   }                
   static void Main()
   {
    H(3, 4);
   }
}

Complete Program (without using method - 141)

using System;class P{static void Main(){double a=3,b=4;Console.Write("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is {0:N3}",Math.Sqrt(a*a+b*b));}}

Answer 26

JavaScript 118 106 93

Unlike @micha's solution, mine takes in two variables via function and sends the alert of the result.

function(a,b){m=Math;c=d=>d*d,e=1e3;alert("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "+m.round(m.sqrt(c(a)+c(b))*e)/e)}

function(a,b){e=1e3;alert("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "+Math.round(Math.sqrt(a*a+b*b)*e)/e)}

Fat arrow functions to the rescue!

h=(a,b,e=1e3)=>"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "+Math.round(Math.sqrt(a*a+b*b)*e)/e

Answer 27

c64 basic v2, 60 66 bytes

0inputa,b:?"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is";sQ(a*a+b*b)

Screenshot:

How to try it.

Answer 28

R, 61 76 bytes

cat("The hypotenuse of this right triangle is",round(sqrt(sum(scan()^2)),3))

cat displays its content to STDOUT.

The scan() function takes user's input from keyboard. This input exists as a vector, on which the ^2 is applied (^function is vectorized), and the sum() sums the elements of the vector. sqrt outputs the square-root, which is rounded to 3 decimal places by round(,3)

Thanks to @caird coinheringaahing for noticing that the previous answer didn't round.

Answer 29

OML, 57 bytes

"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "shnhn+A6`*N3eD

Try it online!

Part 1

This simply outputs the string

"The hypotenuse of this right triangle is "s

Part 2

hnhn+A6`*N3eD
hn              take input and square it
  hn            take another input and square it
    +           add them
     A6`        push 10^6
        *       multiply the sum with that number
         N      take integer square root
          3eD   output with three places of precision
                implicit output

Answer 30

Jelly, 32 characters

,²S½ær3µ,“¡ÆC⁷⁺ɱSoṿȤç½?⁶Ẏtḍỵŀ»ṚK

Try it online!

There is probably a better string compression that allows me to get around needing to join with spaces but I was having trouble finding it.

Explanation:

,²S½ær3µ,“...»ṚK    Example inputs: 3, 4
,                   Pair the inputs. Result: [3, 4]
 ²                  Square them. Result: [9, 16]
  S                 Sum them. Result: 25
   ½                Get the square root of the sum. Result: 5
    ær3             Round to 3 decimal places. Result: 5
       µ            Take the result of that... Result: 5
         “...»       ...and  the compressed string Result: "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is"
        ,           And put them into a pair. Result: [5, "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is"]
              Ṛ     Reverse that. Result: ["The hypotenuse of this right triangle is", 5]
               k    Join it with spaces. Result: "The hypotenuse of this right triangle is 5.0"
                    Implicit output.