Help me pair my socks

Question

Disclaimer: This challenge inspired by me trying to find pairs in a large pile of socks.

Disclaimer: This is looking for a very different process and output to Help me sort my socks!. Please don't claim it as a duplicate until you've read both ;)

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So, I have a huge pile of socks. Of course I keep them categorized by compatibility number. Compatible socks, which I can wear together, have the same number. (Of course, every programmer does this).

My super-convenient plot device quickly scans the pile and outputs an array of compatibility numbers for the pile. It looks a bit like this:

[2, 3, 3, 6, 0, 4, 9, 1, 6, 7, 11, 3, 13, 3, 
5, 12, 2, 1, 10, 2, 1, 11, 2, 13, 12, 10, 1, 
7, 0, 0, 12, 12, 6, 2, 13, 6, 10, 0, 0, 12, 
5, 0, 2, 3, 4, 0, 5, 8, 1, 6, 9, 7, 10, 14, 
10, 8, 3, 8, 9, 8, 5, 11, 7, 9, 9, 9, 7, 14, 
4, 2, 8, 14, 3, 11, 12, 14, 7, 13, 11, 13, 4, 
7, 5, 12, 3, 1, 12, 4, 5, 13, 2, 13, 2, 14, 1, 
13, 11, 1, 4, 8]

That's good data, but it's about as much use to me as scanning the pile myself by eye. What I want to know is how many compatible pairs I need to look for, and which are going to be 'odds', which I can discard for now.

In the above example, I am looking for these pairs of socks:

{3=>4, 6=>2, 2=>4, 1=>4, 11=>3, 13=>4, 12=>4, 10=>2, 7=>3, 0=>3, 5=>3, 4=>3, 9=>3, 8=>3, 14=>2}

(4 pairs of number 3, 2 pairs of number 6 etc.)

And these numbers will have 'odd ones out'. When I've found all the pairs for these, I can discard the last one.

[0, 6, 10, 7, 2, 14] 

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The challenge

• Convert a list of compatible numbers to a count of pairs for each number and an array of 'odds'.
  • The pairs will be composed of a data structure (hash, or other) showing how many pairs can be made of each compatibility number (can be skipped if no pairs can be made).
  • The odds will be composed of a list of numbers which occur and odd number of times in the array.
• The order of the outputs is not significant.
• The size of my sock pile can, of course, be arbitrarily large.

The Rules

• It's golf, make it short.
• No standard loopholes.
• Use any language you like.
• Please include a link to an online interpreter.

Test Cases

Input: [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5]

Output:

Pairs: {2=>1, 3=>1, 4=>2, 5=>2}

Odds: [1, 3, 5]

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Input: [2, 3, 3, 6, 0, 4, 9, 1, 6, 7, 11, 3, 13, 3, 5, 12, 2, 1, 10, 2, 1, 11, 2, 13, 12, 10, 1, 7, 0, 0, 12, 12, 6, 2, 13, 6, 10, 0, 0, 12, 5, 0, 2, 3, 4, 0, 5, 8, 1, 6, 9, 7, 10, 14, 10, 8, 3, 8, 9, 8, 5, 11, 7, 9, 9, 9, 7, 14, 4, 2, 8, 14, 3, 11, 12, 14, 7, 13, 11, 13, 4, 7, 5, 12, 3, 1, 12, 4, 5, 13, 2, 13, 2, 14, 1, 13, 11, 1, 4, 8]

Output:

Pairs: {3=>4, 6=>2, 2=>4, 1=>4, 11=>3, 13=>4, 12=>4, 10=>2, 7=>3, 0=>3, 5=>3, 4=>3, 9=>3, 8=>3, 14=>2}

Odds: [0, 6, 10, 7, 2, 14]

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Input: [1, 2, 1, 2]

Output:

Pairs: {1=>1, 2=>1}

Odds: []

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Input: [1,2,3]

Output:

Pairs {}

Odds: [1,2,3]

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Input: []

Output:

Pairs: {}

Odds: []

Answer 1

[Python 2.x or 3.x], 52 43 bytes (thanks to isaacg)

Retruns a Python dict with a tuple as value: (<pairs of socks>, <1 if a sock remains; 0 otherwise>). As fas as I understand this comment of the OP, this is now within spec. Please let me know if this is (still) not the case.

lambda s:{c:divmod(s.count(c),2)for c in s}

Try it online!

Output for the example case in the question:

{2: (4, 1), 3: (4, 0), 6: (2, 1), 0: (3, 1), 4: (3, 0), 9: (3, 0), 1: (4, 0), 7: (3, 1), 11: (3, 0), 13: (4, 0), 5: (3, 0), 12: (4, 0), 10: (2, 1), 8: (3, 0), 14: (2, 1)}

Answer 2

Burlesque, 27 bytes

raf:Jf{-]2.%})[-jm{g_2./_+}

Try it online!

ra   #Read input as array
f:   #Calculate frequency list
J    #Duplicate
f{   #Filter for
 -]  #Frequency
 2.% #Mod 2 != 0
}
)[-  #Get odd IDs
j    #Swap
m{   #For each block of the frequency list
 g_  #Pop count
 2./ #Divide by 2
 _+  #Concatenate back on
}

Answer 3

Ruby, 58 bytes

Returns an array with the odds first, then the pairs.

->a,*b{[a.tally.filter_map{_2%2<1?(b<<[_1,_2/2];p):_1},b]}

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