25
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Hamming numbers are numbers which evenly divide a power of 60. Equivalently, their prime factors are all \$ \le 5 \$.

Given a positive integer, print that many Hamming numbers, in order.

Rules:

  • Input will be a positive integer \$n \le 1,000,000 \$
  • Output should be the first \$n\$ terms of https://oeis.org/A051037
  • Execution time must be \$<1\$ minute
  • This is ; shortest code wins
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6
  • 2
    \$\begingroup\$ Which aim an answer should have? Golf? Most effective algorithm? Just searching of solution methods? \$\endgroup\$
    – Nakilon
    Jan 28, 2011 at 0:19
  • \$\begingroup\$ Sorry for not being specific. I haven't solved this myself, so I'm not sure if the bounds I put in are reasonable. Please let me know. \$\endgroup\$
    – grokus
    Jan 30, 2011 at 22:54
  • \$\begingroup\$ OEIS \$\endgroup\$
    – Stephen
    Aug 18, 2017 at 17:24
  • 4
    \$\begingroup\$ 1 is a Hamming number, so, printing 1,000,000 1s is conformant with your specs. It will also be in order, i.e. not an unordered sequence. :) \$\endgroup\$
    – Will Ness
    Jan 5, 2018 at 15:03
  • 1
    \$\begingroup\$ Please add the definition of a Hamming number to your question. \$\endgroup\$
    – user
    May 7, 2021 at 12:58

14 Answers 14

8
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Haskell, 101 97 92+|n| characters

h=1:m 2h&m 3h&m 5h
m=map.(*)
c@(a:b)&o@(m:n)|a<m=a:b&o|a>m=m:c&n|0<1=a:b&n
main=print$take 1000000h

Computes the full million in 3.7s on the machine I tested on (variably more if you actually want the output stored)

Ungolfed:

-- print out the first million Hamming numbers
main = print $ take 1000000 h

-- h is the entire Hamming sequence.
-- It starts with 1; for each number in the
-- sequence, 2n, 3n and 5n are also in.
h = 1 : (m 2 h) & (m 3 h) & (m 5 h)

-- helper: m scales a list by a constant factor
m f xs = map (f*) xs

-- helper: (&) merges two ordered sequences
a@(ha:ta) & b@(hb:tb)
    |    ha < hb = ha : ta & b
    |    ha > hb = hb :  a & tb
    |  otherwise = ha : ta & tb

All Haskell is notoriously good at: defining a list as a lazy function of itself, in a way that actually works.

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2
  • 1
    \$\begingroup\$ You don't get the positive integer parameter, that add more size to your code \$\endgroup\$
    – Zhen
    Aug 24, 2011 at 8:23
  • \$\begingroup\$ @Zhen The positive integer parameter is the second-to-last token, and its size is declared outfront in the header. \$\endgroup\$
    – J B
    Aug 24, 2011 at 8:30
4
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Python 181 Characters

h=[]        
h.append(1)
n=input()
i=j=k=0
while n:
    print h[-1]
    while h[i]*2<=h[-1]:
        i+=1
    while h[j]*3<=h[-1]:
        j+=1
    while h[k]*5<=h[-1]:
        k+=1
    h.append(min(h[i]*2,h[j]*3,h[k]*5))
    n-=1
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4
  • \$\begingroup\$ How is this 181 chars? I've saved this to a file, removing the whitespace after h=[], using a minimum tab distance, and single character line breaks, and the file size ends up being 187 bytes. \$\endgroup\$
    – nitro2k01
    Dec 31, 2013 at 16:50
  • 2
    \$\begingroup\$ Anyway... Trivial optimization: h=[1]. Also, give a number directly in the source code, to save characters for numbers <1000000. \$\endgroup\$
    – nitro2k01
    Dec 31, 2013 at 17:13
  • \$\begingroup\$ And oops, sorry, didn't realize the answer is super-old. \$\endgroup\$
    – nitro2k01
    Dec 31, 2013 at 17:15
  • \$\begingroup\$ @nitro2k01, I make it 183 chars. (There's some trailing whitespace at the end of the first line, and the indentation should be a space for one level and a tab for two levels). \$\endgroup\$ Jan 1, 2014 at 10:33
4
+200
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APL (Dyalog Classic), 34 23 bytes

{⍺⍴{⍵[⍋⍵]}∪,⍵∘.×⍳5}⍣≡∘1

Try it online!

TIO throws a WS FULL error for \$n = 1000000\$, but Dyalog on my laptop runs in about 45 seconds, not counting the scrolling to display numbers.

{⍺⍴{⍵[⍋⍵]}∪,⍵∘.×⍳5}⍣≡∘1     Monadic function:
{⍺⍴{⍵[⍋⍵]}∪,⍵∘.×⍳5}         Define the following helper function g(⍺,⍵):
             ⍵∘.×⍳5             Make a multiplication table between ⍵ and (1 2 3 4 5).
                                (Including 4 is unnecessary but saves bytes.)
            ,                   Flatten the table into an array.
           ∪                    Keep unique elements.
    {⍵[⍋⍵]}                     Grade up the array and access it at those indices.
                                (This is the APL idiom to sort an array.)
 ⍺⍴                             Keep the first ⍺ elements; pad by repeating the array.
{⍺⍴{⍵[⍋⍵]}∪,⍵∘.×⍳5}⍣≡       Repeatedly apply g with some fixed left argument
                             until a fixed point is reached.
                             At this point we have a dyadic function that takes
                             n on the left and the starting value on the right,
                             and returns multiples of the n Hamming numbers.
                      ∘1     Fix 1 as the right argument.
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2
4
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Vyxal j, 8 bytes

λdǏG7<;ȯ

Try it Online!

λ     ;ȯ # First n numbers where
 dǏG     # Maximum of prime factors
    7<   # Less than 7
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3
+50
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Vyxal, 29 26 bytes, times out when n>=200,000 on online interpreter.

My first ever Vyxal post. 29->26, adviced by @lyxal.

6ɽ{:L?<|:2*$:3*$:5*∪∪∪}s?Ẏ

How it works

# let first hamming numbers are 1 to 6
6ɽ
# while items of they are less than n; do
{:L?<|
# for each item, multiply with those numbers
# and then unify them; done
  :2*$:3*$:5*∪∪∪}
# sort
s
# take first n items
?Ẏ

Try it Online!

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2
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Ruby - 154 231 characters

def k i,n;(l=Math).log(i,2)*l.log(i,3)*l.log(i,5)/6>n end
def l i,n;k(i,n)?[i]:[i]+l(5*i,n)end
def j i,n;k(i,n)?[i]:[i]+j(3*i,n)+l(5*i,n)end
def h i,n;k(i,n)?[i]:[i]+h(2*i,n)+j(3*i,n)+l(5*i,n)end
puts h(1,n=gets.to_i).sort.first n

And now it's fast enough, there is definitely a lot of golfing that can still happen though.

→ time echo 1000000 | ruby golf-hamming.rb | wc
1000000 1000000 64103205
echo 1000000  0.00s user 0.00s system 0% cpu 0.003 total
ruby golf-hamming.rb  40.39s user 0.81s system 99% cpu 41.229 total
wc  1.58s user 0.05s system 3% cpu 41.228 total
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0
2
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MMIX, 92 bytes (23 instrs)

I'm cheating a bit; instead of printing (which would take a lot of work, this being machine language), I instead pass the numbers to a function passed in!

00000000: fe020004 34000100 e3030000 c1040300  “£¡¥4¡¢¡ẉ¤¡¡Ḋ¥¤¡
00000010: e7030001 da040403 3c040304 1d050403  ḃ¤¡¢ḷ¥¥¤<¥¤¥ø¦¥¤
00000020: feff0006 6204ff05 43fffffd 1d050405  “”¡©b¥”¦C””’ø¦¥¦
00000030: feff0006 6204ff05 43fffffd 31ff0401  “”¡©b¥”¦C””’1”¥¢
00000040: 5bfffff3 e7000001 c1050300 bf040100  [””ṙḃ¡¡¢Ḋ¦¤¡Ḃ¥¢¡
00000050: 5b00ffef f6040002 f8000000           [¡”ṁẇ¥¡£ẏ¡¡¡
smooth5 GET    $2,rJ
        NEG    $0,1,$0      // n = 1 - n
        SETL   $3,0         // i = 0
0H      SET    $4,$3
        INCL   $3,1         // loop: j = i++
        SADD   $4,$4,$3     // j = popcnt(j & ~i)
        SR     $4,$3,$4     // j = i >> j (cheap way of getting out factors of 2)
1H      DIV    $5,$4,3      // lp3: k = j / 3
        GET    $255,rR      // tmp = j % 3
        CSZ    $4,$255,$5   // if(!tmp) j = k
        BZ     $255,1B      // if(!tmp) goto lp3
1H      DIV    $5,$4,5      // lp5: k = j / 5
        GET    $255,rR      // tmp = j % 5
        CSZ    $4,$255,$5   // if(!tmp) j = k
        BZ     $255,1B      // if(!tmp) goto lp3
        CMP    $255,$4,1    // tmp = j <=> 1
        PBNZ   $255,0B      // iflikely(tmp) goto loop
        INCL   $0,1         // n++
        SET    $5,$3
        PUSHGO $4,$1,0      // f(i)
        PBNZ   $0,0B        // iflikely(n) goto loop
        PUT    rJ,$2
        POP    0,0          // return
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2
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Jelly, 9 bytes

RḤÆfṀ€<7T

Try it online!

Returns all hamming numbers under n.

How?

RḤÆfṀ€<7T     Main Link. Takes n on the left
        T     Filter by
R             Inclusive range
 Ḥ            Double each
  Æf          Prime factors
     €        For each
    Ṁ         Maximum
      <7      Less than 7

My first serious jelly answer

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2
  • \$\begingroup\$ Unfortunately, 8 bytes doesn't work with the time limit :( \$\endgroup\$ Oct 11, 2021 at 7:52
  • \$\begingroup\$ @cairdcoinheringaahing yeah, IO rules suck \$\endgroup\$
    – Wasif
    Oct 11, 2021 at 7:53
2
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Python 3.8 (pre-release), 97 bytes

Inefficient but golfy. Lot's of keywords and whitespace, so potential for more golfing.

def f(n):
 h=[1]
 while(n:=n-1):h+=[min(j*k for j in(2,3,5)for k in h if j*k not in h)]
 return h

Try it online!

Python 3.8 (pre-release), 165 bytes

Slightly golfed version of the original Python entry.

Reposted, because of its age.

def f(n):
 h=[1];i=j=k=0
 while(n:=n-1):
  m=h[-1]
  while(h[i]*2<=m):i+=1
  while(h[j]*3<=m):j+=1
  while(h[k]*5<=m):k+=1
  h+=[min(h[i]*2,h[j]*3,h[k]*5)]
 return h

Try it online!

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1
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JavaScript (ES6), 110 bytes

f=h=>eval("g=n=>n-1n?n%2n?n%3n?n%5n?0:g(n/5n):g(n/3n):g(n/2n):1;r=[i=1n];while(!r[h-1])if(g(++i))r.push(i);r")

Theoretically works for arbitrarily large inputs, but prohibitively slow.

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1
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GAWK -M, 138 120 bytes.

It was originally a post on rosetta code. Without -M it overflows when huge value is input.

{a=2
b=3
c=5
for(s=h[0]=1;--$0;c-z||c=5*h[++k]){z=a<b?a:b
s=s" "(z=h[++n]=z<c?z:c)
a-z||a=2*h[++i]
b-z||b=3*h[++j]}}$0=s

Try it online!

Usage

Given from stdin, as a line consists of a string of decimal natural number.

Execution time

Tested in my Termux. CPU is:

Architecture:        aarch64
CPU op-mode(s):      32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:          Little Endian
CPU(s):              8
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7
Thread(s) per core:  1
Core(s) per socket:  4
Socket(s):           2
Vendor ID:           ARM
Model:               4
Model name:          Cortex-A53
Stepping:            r0p4
CPU max MHz:         1768.0000
CPU min MHz:         449.0000
BogoMIPS:            52.00
Flags:               fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32

With original code

10^6th Hamming number is 519312780448388736089589843750000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.

$ time echo 1000000 | awk -Mf Textfile/ham.awk
# lots of output
real    2m36.842s
user    0m25.224s
sys     0m5.356s

If $0=s is removed

$ time echo 1000000 | awk -Mf Textfile/ham.awk
real    0m25.404s
user    0m24.676s
sys     0m0.716s

Note

  • Original 138 bytes of post outputs incorrectly: it outputs n+1 numbers, not n.
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2
  • \$\begingroup\$ OBTW replacing variables a,b,c,i,j,k with arrays resulted in 132 bytes. Try it online! \$\endgroup\$
    – user100411
    May 25, 2021 at 10:09
  • \$\begingroup\$ @tailsparkrabbitear In the case 130 bytes: Try it online! \$\endgroup\$
    – user100411
    May 26, 2021 at 9:03
1
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Vyxal 3, 7 bytes

ЧdḟG7<Ẇ

Try it Online!

Port of Emanrasu's Vyxal answer

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0
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Ursala, 103

#import std
#import nat
smooth"p" "n" = ~&z take/"n" nleq-< (rep(length "n") ^Ts/~& product*K0/"p") <1>

Output for main = smooth<2,3,5>* nrange(1,20)

<1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12,15,16,18,20,24,25,27,30,32,36>
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-2
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Haskell, 71

h n = drop n $ iterate (\(_,(a:t))-> (a,union t [2*a,3*a,5*a])) (0,[1])

Output

*Main> map fst $ take 20 $ h 1
[1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12,15,16,18,20,24,25,27,30,32,36]
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2
  • \$\begingroup\$ The spec calls for you to print, so the code to print should be counted. This also allows a fair comparison against the other Haskell implementation. \$\endgroup\$ Jan 1, 2014 at 10:28
  • \$\begingroup\$ @PeterTaylor How many characters do you think I should add? \$\endgroup\$
    – Timtech
    Jan 1, 2014 at 14:59

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