#05AB1E, 14 12 bytes

Code:

ÐtLDŠÖÏDŠ/ï«

Explanation:

Ð             # Triplicate input.
 tL           # Push the list [1, ..., sqrt(input)].
   D          # Duplicate that list.
    Š         # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b.
     Ö        # Check for each if a % b == 0.
      Ï       # Only keep the truthy elements.
       D      # Duplicate the list.
        Š     # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b
         /ï   # Integer divide
           «  # Concatenate to the initial array and implicitly print.

Uses CP-1252 encoding. Try it online!.

05AB1E, 14 12 bytes

Code:

ÐtLDŠÖÏDŠ/ï«

Explanation:

Ð             # Triplicate input.
 tL           # Push the list [1, ..., sqrt(input)].
   D          # Duplicate that list.
    Š         # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b.
     Ö        # Check for each if a % b == 0.
      Ï       # Only keep the truthy elements.
       D      # Duplicate the list.
        Š     # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b
         /ï   # Integer divide
           «  # Concatenate to the initial array and implicitly print.

Uses CP-1252 encoding. Try it online!.

#05AB1E, 14 bytes

Code:

DtL©Ö®sÏD¹s/ï«

Uses CP-1252 encoding. Try it online!.

#05AB1E, 14 12 bytes

Code:

ÐtLDŠÖÏDŠ/ï«

Explanation:

Ð             # Triplicate input.
 tL           # Push the list [1, ..., sqrt(input)].
   D          # Duplicate that list.
    Š         # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b.
     Ö        # Check for each if a % b == 0.
      Ï       # Only keep the truthy elements.
       D      # Duplicate the list.
        Š     # Pop a,b,c and push c,a,b
         /ï   # Integer divide
           «  # Concatenate to the initial array and implicitly print.

Uses CP-1252 encoding. Try it online!.