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[1, 2].each{|i|p i}

Ruby supports for loops, but the .each method is preferred. The code in brackets is a block, essentially a single-use anonymous function. Blocks can take parameters, which are enclosed in pipe characters. The p is a shortcut for puts [something].inspect. The .inspect method is a variation of .to_s which provides more details about the object.

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{true=>?Y,false=>?N}

This snippet is an example of creating a hash (or associative array) with key true to Y character, and false to N character. This statement could be assigned to a variable then indexed with boolean, for example:

sure = {true => 'Yes, indeed!' ,false => 'No way!!!'}
x = 123
sure[x > 5]    # Yes, indeed!
sure[x == 120] # No way!!!

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[1,4,5].map{|x|x*x}

This is an example on how to create an array, then square it, the output would be a new array [1,16,25]. The synonym of map method is collect.

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%i[I love you too~!]

This is an example on how to create an array of symbols, the result would be: [:I, :love, :you, :'too~!']

'12.345'[/(\.\d+)/]

This is an example on creating snippet then parse it using regular expression. This regular expression means get any dot \. that followed by one or more (+) digit (\d) then capture it. The result of this snippet is a new string containing .345.

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%i[I love you too]

This is an example on how to create an array of symbols, the result would be: [:I, :love, :you, :too]

'1.34'[/(\.\d+)/]

This is an example on creating snippet then parse it using regular expression. This regular expression means get any dot \. that followed by one or more (+) digit (\d) then capture it. The result of this snippet is a new string containing .34.