Can you Golf Golf?

Question

You are required to generate a random 18-hole golf course.

Example output:

[3 4 3 5 5 4 4 4 5 3 3 4 4 3 4 5 5 4]

Rules:

• Your program must output a list of hole lengths for exactly 18 holes
• Each hole must have a length of 3, 4 or 5
• The hole lengths must add up to 72 for the entire course
• Your program must be able to produce every possible hole configuration with some non-zero-probability (the probabilities of each configuration need not be equal, but feel free to claim extra kudos if this is the case)

Answer 1

k (18 17 16 chars)

Back to the original approach, credit to CS for the improvement.

(+/4-){3+18?3}/0

Other approach (17 chars), same method as the J solution, H/T to CS

4+a,-a:9?2 -18?18

Old version:

(72-+/){18?3+!3}/0

Not susceptible to stack-overflow and runs in fixed amount of space.

Answer 2

K, 28

{$[72=+/s:18?3 4 5;s;.z.s`]}

Answer 3

J, 20 18 17 characters

(?~18){4+(,-)?9#2

This works in the same way as the previous answer except that the 9 random digits are either 0 or 1 and are negated before being appended. This means there are as many -1s as there are 1s. Adding 4 gives me a list of 3s, 4s and 5s that add up to 72 every time.

Previous answer:

({~?~@#)3+(,2-])?9#3

Generates the first 9 holes randomly ?9#3, then copies and inverts them (,2-]) (turns a 3 into a 5 and a 5 into a 3) to generate the final 9. This guarantees that the total will be 72 (since every 3 will have a matching 5 the average total per hole will be 4 and 4x18=72). It then randomly shuffles the result ({~?~@#) to ensure that every combination is possible.

Answer 4

Mathematica 71 68

Code

RandomSample@IntegerPartitions[72, {18}, {3, 4, 5}][[RandomInteger@9 + 1]]

---

Design 5 courses

Table[RandomSample@IntegerPartitions[72, {18}, {3, 4, 5}][[RandomInteger@{1, 10}]], {5}]

---

Analysis

IntegerPartitions[72, {18}, {3, 4, 5}]

produces all 10 possible partitions of 72 into 18 elements consisting of 3's, 4's and 5's.

---

%[[RandomInteger[{1, 10}]]] randomly selects one of those 10 partitions. % represents the most recent input of code.

RandomSample gives a pseudorandom permutation of the selected partition. In other words, it jumbles the digits.

Because the number of permutations for the 10 partitions vary (enormously), the distribution of golf courses is not random. In fact, the course consisting of 18 holes of par 4 will be appear approximately one time out of ten.

---

Answer 5

GolfScript, 27 chars

{;18{3.rand+}*].{+}*72-}do`

Uses the same rejection sampling method as sgrieve's Python solution. Thus, every valid output actually is equally likely.

Answer 6

GolfScript (26 chars)

{;0{3rand.3+@@+(}18*])}do`

There are some obvious similarities with Ilmari's solution, but also some obvious differences. In particular, I'm exploiting the fact that the average par is 4.

Answer 7

Q (25 characters)

Original (27)

while[72<>sum a:18?3 4 5];a

Sample output

4 4 3 3 4 5 4 3 4 5 5 3 5 5 5 4 3 3

Slightly shorter (25)

{72<>sum x}{x:18?3 4 5}/0

Answer 8

Python 70

from random import*
print sample(([3,5]*randint(0,9)+[4]*99)[:18],18)

edit:

Here's another one, similar to the solution of sgrieve:

Python 73 + equal probability

from random import*
a=[]
while sum(a)-72:a=sample([3,4,5]*18,18)
print a

Answer 9

16-bit x86 machine code under MS-DOS - 45 bytes

Hexdump:

0E5F576A12595188ECE44088C3E44130D8240374F400C4AAE2EF595E80FC2475DFAC0432CD29B020CD29E2F5C3

Base64 coded binary:

Dl9XahJZUYjs5ECIw+RBMNgkA3T0AMSq4u9ZXoD8JHXfrAQyzSmwIM0p4vXD

Actual source code with some comments:

 bits 16
 org 0x100

again:
 push cs               ; Save whatever CS we get.
 pop di                ; Use CS:DI as our course buffer..
 push di               ; Save for later use in the print loop
 push 18               ; We need 18 holes for our golf course.
 pop cx                ; ch = 0, cl = 18.
 push cx               ; Save for later use.
 mov ah, ch            ; Zero out ah.
generate_course:
 in al, 0x40           ; Port 0x40 is the 8253 PIT Counter 0.
 mov bl, al            ; Save the first "random" value in bl.
 in al, 0x41           ; Port 0x41 is the 8253 PIT Counter 1.
 xor al, bl            ; Add some more pseudo randomness.
 and al, 3             ; We only need the two lower bits.
 jz generate_course    ; If zero, re-generate a value, since we need only 3, 4, 5 holes.
 add ah, al            ; Sum in ah register.
 stosb                 ; Store in the course buffer.
 loop generate_course  ; Loop for 18 holes.
 pop cx                ; cx = 18.
 pop si                ; si = course buffer.
 cmp ah, 36            ; 72 holes?
 jne again             ; No, re-generate the whole course.

print:                 ; Yup, we have a nice course.
 lodsb                 ; Load the next hole.
 add al, '2'           ; Add ASCII '2' to get '3', '4' or '5'
 int 0x29              ; Undocumented MS-DOS print function.
 mov al, ' '           ; Print a space too for better readability.
 int 0x29              ; Print the character.
 loop print            ; Print the whole course.
 ret                   ; Return to the beginning of the PSP where a INT 0x20 happen to be.

Compile with nasm 18h.asm -o 18h.com and run under MS-DOS (or Dosbox), or NTVDM from a 32-bit Windows version.

Sample output:

4 5 4 5 4 5 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 5 4 3 5 3

Answer 10

Python 77

Code

from numpy.random import*;l=[]
while sum(l)!=72:l=randint(3,6,18)
print l

Output

[3 4 4 5 3 3 3 5 4 4 5 4 5 3 4 4 5 4]

The import really kills this solution. It uses numpy to generate a 18 numbers between 3 and 5 and keeps generating lists until the sum of the list equals 72.

Answer 11

R - 41

x=0;while(sum(x)!=72)x=sample(3:5,18,T);x

# [1] 5 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 5 3

The algorithm is similar to @sgrieve's.

Answer 12

JavaScript 116 99 65

for(i=0,h=[];i<18;)h[i++]=5;while(h.reduce(function(a,b){return a+b})!=72){i=Math.random()*18|0;h[i]=[3,4,4][i%3]}h;

h=[0];while(h.reduce(function(a,b){return a+b})-72)for(i=0;i<18;h[i++]=[3,4,5][Math.random()*3|0])h

while(i%18||(a=[i=s=0]),s+=a[i++]=Math.random()*3+3|0,s-72|i-18)a

Answer 13

JavaScript, 66 64 61 chars

Heavily inspired by TwoScoopsofPig (PHP) and Joe Tuskan (JS).

for(a=[s=0];s!=72;)for(s=i=0;i<18;s+=a[i++]=Math.random()*3+3|0);a

for(a=[s=0];s-72;)for(s=i=0;i<18;s+=a[i++]=Math.random()*3+3|0)a

for(a=s=[];s;)for(i=18,s=72;i;s-=a[--i]=Math.random()*3+3|0)a

Answer 14

Python, 128 120 116 characters

import random,itertools
random.choice([g for g in itertools.product(*(range(3,6)for l in range(18))) if sum(g)==72])

import statements are still length killers (23 characters only to import 2 function in the namespace)

i hope you do not need the result in a near future, as this code first evaluates all possible solutions before chosing one at random. maybe the slowest solution to this problem.

i do claim extra kudos for equal probability of each configuration...

Answer 15

PHP - 77 Chars

<?while(array_sum($a)!=72){for($i=0;18>$i;){$a[++$i]=rand(3,5);}}print_r($a);

Much like sgrieve's solution, this builds a list of 18 holes, checks total par, and either prints it or rejects it and tries again. Oddly enough, our two solutions are the same length.

Rather annoyingly, PHP doesn't offer array functions with any brevity of name. Array_sum and print_r are killing me. Suggestions welcome.

Answer 16

Ruby 1.9 (62 chars)

a=Array.new(18){[3,4,5].sample}until(a||[]).inject(:+)==72
p a

Rails (55 chars)

In the $ rails c REPL (in any Rails folder):

a=Array.new(18){[3,4,5].sample}until(a||[]).sum==72
p a

Note: It works with Ruby 1.8 if you use shuffle[0] instead of sample.

Answer 17

Java (61 chars)

while(s!=72)for(i=0,s=0;i<18;i++)s+=3+(int)(Math.random()*3);

Sample output:

5 4 3 4 5 3 4 4 3 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 5

Answer 18

Lisp (78 69 chars)

(do((c()(mapcar(lambda(x)(+ 3(random 3)))(make-list 18))))((=(apply'+ c)72)c))

(do((c()(loop repeat 18 collect(+ 3(random 3)))))((=(apply'+ c)72)c))

It's rather similar to sgrieve's Python solution.

Start with c as NIL, check for a sum of 72, the do "increment function" for c generates a list of 18 numbers between 3 and 5, check for 72 again, lather, rinse, repeat.

It's refreshing to see do and loop nicely play golf together.

Answer 19

Clojure - 55

(shuffle(mapcat #([[4 4][3 5]%](rand-int 2))(range 9)))

Quite a fun trick.... exploits the mathematical structure of the problem that there must be exactly as many 3 par holes as 5 par holes.

Answer 20

Python 83

import random as r;x=[]
while sum(x)!=72:x=[r.randint(3,5) for i in 18*[0]]
print x

Like sgrieve's solution, but without numpy

Golfing Adrien Plisson's solution: 120->108 characters

import random as r,itertools as i
r.choice([g for g in i.product(*([3,4,5,6]for l in 18*[0]))if sum(g)==72])

MATLAB 53

x=[];
while sum(x)~=72
x=3+floor(rand(1,18)*3);
end
x

Output:

x = 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 3 5 3 5 4 5

Answer 21

C (94 chars)

int h[18],s=0,i;
while(s!=72)for(i=s=0;i<18;s+=h[i++]=rand()%3+3);
while(i)printf("%d ",h[--i]);

The s=0 on line 1 may not be required, because what are the chances an uninitialized int will equal 72? I just don't like reading uninitialized values in straight C. Also, this probably requires seeding the rand() function.

output

3 3 3 4 5 5 3 3 4 5 5 4 3 4 5 5 5 3 

Answer 22

TXR (100 chars)

@(bind g@(for((x(gen t(+ 3(rand 3))))y)(t)((pop x))(set y[x 0..18])(if(= [apply + y]72)(return y))))

This expression generates an infinite lazy list of random numbers from 3 to 5:

(gen t (+ 3(rand 3)))  ;; t means true: while t is true, generate.

The rest of the logic is a simple loop which checks whether the first 18 elements of this list add up to 72. If not, it pops an element off and tries again. The for loop contains an implicit block called nil and so (return ...) can be used to terminate the loop and return value.

Answer 23

C (123 chars) - effort on efficiency

Pipe through wc and it will generate all 44152809 solutions within 10 seconds...

char s[19];g(d,t){int i;if(d--){for(i=51,t-=3;i<54;i++,t--)if(t>=3*d&&t<=5*d)s[d]=i,g(d,t);}else puts(s);}main(){g(18,72);}

Oh, well - didn't read the question properly - but given we're generating all solutions then picking a random one with equal probability is a scripting exercise :P

Answer 24

Bash shell script (65 chars)

shuf -e `for x in {0..8}
do echo $((r=RANDOM%3+3)) $((8-r))
done`

(shuf comes from the GNU coreutils package. Also, thanks Gareth.)

Answer 25

C# (143 non-whitespace):

()=>{
  var n=new Math.Random().Next(10);
  Enumerable.Range(1,18)
    .Select((x,i)=>i<n?3:i>=18-n?5:4)
    .OrderBy(x=>Guid.NewGuid())
    .ForEach(Console.Write);
}

Answer 26

Haskell, 104 102 98 chars.

import System.Random
q l|sum l==72=print l|1>0=main
main=mapM(\_->randomRIO(3::Int,5))[1..18]>>=q

Answer 27

Python, 97

Using a different method than the rejection sampling, this picks a random list of indices of random even length and alternates adding and subtracting to the elements at these indices.

from random import*;a=[4]*18;d=1
for i in sample(range(18),2*randint(0,9)):a[i]+=d;d=-d
print a

Answer 28

Clojure - 72 chars

(some #(if(=(apply +%)72)%)(partition 18(repeatedly #(+(rand-int 3)3))))

Would be much shorter if Clojure didn't have such flowery descriptive function names :-)

Answer 29

Groovy

126 chars

def a=[];while(1){(new Random().nextInt(3)!=1&&a.size()<17?a<<3<<5:a<<4);if(a.size()==18)break};Collections.shuffle(a);print a

... ooooh, what a waste of chars :)

110 chars

def a=[];while(a.size()<18){(new Random().next(2)>1&&a.size()<17?a<<3<<5:a<<4)};Collections.shuffle(a);print a

Answer 30

Perl, 74

{@c=map{3+int rand 3}(0)x18;$s=0;$s+=$_ for@c;redo unless$s==72}print"@c"

Alternative solution:

@q=((3,5)x($a=int rand 9),(4,4)x(9-$a));%t=map{(rand,$_)}(0..17);print"@q[@t{sort keys%t}]"