Factorize me!!!

Question

In this task, you have to write a program, that computes the prime factors of a number. The input is a natural number 1 < n < 2^32. The output is a list of the prime factors of the number in the following format. Exponents must be omitted if they are 1. Only output prime-numbers. (Assuming, the input is 131784):

131784 = 2^3 * 3 * 17^2 * 19

Using the same amount of whitespace is not required, whitespaces may be inserted wherever appropriate. Your program should complete in less then 10 minutes for any input. The program with the shortest amount of characters wins.

Answer 1

Ruby 1.9, 74 70 characters

#!ruby -plrmathn
$_+=?=+$_.to_i.prime_division.map{|a|a[0,a[1]]*?^}*?*

Edits:

• (74 -> 70) Just use the exponent as slice length instead of explicitly checking for exponent > 1

Answer 2

Perl 5.10, 73 88

perl -pe '$_=`factor $_`;s%( \d+)\K\1+%-1-length($&)/length$1%ge;y, -,*^,;s;\D+;=;'

Takes input number from standard input. Will compute factors for multiple inputs if provided.

Counted as a difference to perl -e. 5.10 is needed for the \K regex metacharacter.

Answer 3

OCaml, 201 characters

A direct imperative translation of the best Python code:

let(%)s d=if!d>1then Printf.printf"%s%d"s!d
let f n=let x,d,e,s=ref n,ref 1,ref 0,ref"="in""%x;while!d<65536do
incr d;e:=0;while!x mod!d=0do x:=!x/ !d;incr e
done;if!e>0then(!s%d;"^"%e;s:="*")done;!s%x

For example,

# f 4294967292;;
4294967292=2^2*3^2*7*11*31*151*331- : unit = ()

(note that I've omitted outputting the final endline.) Just for fun, at 213 characters, a purely functional version, thoroughly obfuscated through liberal use of operators:

let(%)s d=if d>1then Printf.printf"%s%d"s d
let f x=let s=ref"="in""%x;let rec(@)x d=if d=65536then!s%x else
let rec(^)x e=if x/d*d<x then x,e else x/d^e+1in
let x,e=x^0in if e>0then(!s%d;"^"%e;s:="*");x@d+1in x@2

Answer 4

Python, 140 135 133 chars

M=N=input()
s=''
f=1
while f<4**8:
 f+=1;e=0
 while N%f<1:e+=1;N/=f
 if e:s+='*%d'%f+'^%d'%e*(e>1)
print M,'=',(s+'*%d'%N*(N>1))[1:]

Answer 5

PHP, 112

echo$n=$_GET[0],'=';$c=0;for($i=2;;){if($n%$i<1){$c++;$n/=$i;}else{if($c){echo"$i^$c*";}$c=0;if(++$i>$n)break;}}

118

echo $n=$_GET[0],'=';for($i=2;;){if(!($n%$i)){++$a[$i];$n/=$i;}else{if($a[$i])echo "$i^$a[$i]*";$i++;if($i>$n)break;}}

Answer 6

J, 72

(":*/f),'=',([,'*',])/(":"0~.f),.(('^',":)`(''"0)@.(=&1))"0+/(=/~.)f=.q:161784

Typical J. Two characters to do most of the work, sixty characters to present it.

Edit: Fixed the character count.

Answer 7

Python 119 Chars

M=N=input()
i=1
s=""
while N>1:
 i+=1;c=0
 while N%i<1:c+=1;N/=i
 if c:s+=" * %d"%i+['','^%d'%c][c>1]
print M,'=',s[3:]

Answer 8

Un-Golfed C (342 bytes)

long long n,i,e;
char str[100];
char tmp[99];
main(){
   scanf("%lld",&n);
   printf("%lld=",n);
   for(i=2;i*i<=n;i++){
     for(e=0;0==n%i;n/=i,e++);
        e>1?sprintf(tmp,"*%lld^%lld",i,e),strcat(str,tmp):e==1&&sprintf(tmp,"*%lld",i)&&strcat(str,tmp);
   }
   n>1&&sprintf(tmp,"*%lld",n)&&strcat(str,tmp);
   puts(str+1);
}

Just for fun! :-)

Answer 9

PHP, 236 characters

$f[$n=$c=$argv[1]]++;echo"$n=";while($c){$c=0;foreach($f as$k=>$n)for($r=~~($k/2);$r>1;$r--){if($k%$r==0){unset($f[$k]);$f[$r]++;$f[$k/$r]++;$c=1;break;}}}foreach($f as$k=>$n)if(--$n)$f[$k]="$k^".++$n;else$f[$k]=$k;echo implode("*",$f);

Output for 131784: 2^3*3*17^2*19

Completes all numbers within a few seconds while testing.

4294967296=2^32
Time: 0.000168

Input was never specified, so I chose to call it using command line arguments.

php factorize.php 4294967296

Answer 10

JavaScript, 124 122 119

for(s='',i=2,o=p=prompt();i<o;i++){for(n=0;!(p%i);n++)p/=i;n?s+=i+(n-1?'^'+n:'')+'*':0}alert(s.substring(0,s.length-1))

Answer 11

Scala 374:

def f(i:Int,c:Int=2):List[Int]=if(i==c)List(i)else 
if(i%c==0)c::f(i/c,c)else f(i,c+1)
val r=f(readInt)
class A(val v:Int,val c:Int,val l:List[(Int,Int)])
def g(a:A,i:Int)=if(a.v==i)new A(a.v,a.c+1,a.l)else new A(i,1,(a.v,a.c)::a.l)
val a=(new A(r.head,1,Nil:List[(Int,Int)])/:(r.tail:+0))((a,i)=>g(a,i))
a.l.map(p=>if(p._2==1)p._1 else p._1+"^"+p._2).mkString("", "*", "")

ungolfed:

def factorize (i: Int, c: Int = 2) : List [Int] = {
  if (i == c) List (i) else 
    if (i % c == 0) c :: f (i/c, c) else 
      f (i, c+1)
}
val r = factorize (readInt)
class A (val value: Int, val count: Int, val list: List [(Int, Int)])
def g (a: A, i: Int) = 
  if (a.value == i) 
    new A (a.value, a.count + 1, a.list) else 
    new A (i, 1, (a.value, a.count) :: a.list)
val a = (new A (r.head, 1, Nil: List[(Int,Int)]) /: (r.tail :+ 0)) ((a, i) => g (a, i))
a.l.map (p => if (p._2 == 1) p._1 else
  p._1 + "^" + p._2).mkString ("", "*", "")

Answer 12

JavaScript, 107

n=prompt()
s=n+'='
c=0
for(i=2;;){if(n%i<1){c++
n/=i}else{if(c)s+=i+'^'+c+'*'
c=0
if(++i>n)break}}
alert(s)

120

n=prompt()
o={2:0}
for(i=2,c=n;i<=c;)!(c%i)?++o[i]?c/=i:0:o[++i]=0
s=n+'='
for(i in o)s+=o[i]?i+'^'+o[i]+'*':''
alert(s)

Answer 13

UBASIC (17)

load"ecmx.ub":run