Output Graham's Number

Question

Write a program that outputs all 64 layers of this representation of Graham's number from Wikipedia:

  

Your output must exactly match this ASCII version (in which ^ represents Knuth's up-arrows and combinations of slashes and underscores represent the large horizontal curly brackets):

3^^...............................................................................................................................^3
 \_______________________________________________________________  _______________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
 3^^.............................................................................................................................^3
  \______________________________________________________________  ______________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
  3^^...........................................................................................................................^3
   \_____________________________________________________________  _____________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
   3^^.........................................................................................................................^3
    \____________________________________________________________  ____________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
    3^^.......................................................................................................................^3
     \___________________________________________________________  ___________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
     3^^.....................................................................................................................^3
      \__________________________________________________________  __________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
      3^^...................................................................................................................^3
       \_________________________________________________________  _________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
       3^^.................................................................................................................^3
        \________________________________________________________  ________________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
        3^^...............................................................................................................^3
         \_______________________________________________________  _______________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
         3^^.............................................................................................................^3
          \______________________________________________________  ______________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
          3^^...........................................................................................................^3
           \_____________________________________________________  _____________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
           3^^.........................................................................................................^3
            \____________________________________________________  ____________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
            3^^.......................................................................................................^3
             \___________________________________________________  ___________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
             3^^.....................................................................................................^3
              \__________________________________________________  __________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
              3^^...................................................................................................^3
               \_________________________________________________  _________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
               3^^.................................................................................................^3
                \________________________________________________  ________________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                3^^...............................................................................................^3
                 \_______________________________________________  _______________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                 3^^.............................................................................................^3
                  \______________________________________________  ______________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                  3^^...........................................................................................^3
                   \_____________________________________________  _____________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                   3^^.........................................................................................^3
                    \____________________________________________  ____________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                    3^^.......................................................................................^3
                     \___________________________________________  ___________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                     3^^.....................................................................................^3
                      \__________________________________________  __________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                      3^^...................................................................................^3
                       \_________________________________________  _________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                       3^^.................................................................................^3
                        \________________________________________  ________________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                        3^^...............................................................................^3
                         \_______________________________________  _______________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                         3^^.............................................................................^3
                          \______________________________________  ______________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                          3^^...........................................................................^3
                           \_____________________________________  _____________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                           3^^.........................................................................^3
                            \____________________________________  ____________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                            3^^.......................................................................^3
                             \___________________________________  ___________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                             3^^.....................................................................^3
                              \__________________________________  __________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                              3^^...................................................................^3
                               \_________________________________  _________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                               3^^.................................................................^3
                                \________________________________  ________________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                3^^...............................................................^3
                                 \_______________________________  _______________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                 3^^.............................................................^3
                                  \______________________________  ______________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                  3^^...........................................................^3
                                   \_____________________________  _____________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                   3^^.........................................................^3
                                    \____________________________  ____________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                    3^^.......................................................^3
                                     \___________________________  ___________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                     3^^.....................................................^3
                                      \__________________________  __________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                      3^^...................................................^3
                                       \_________________________  _________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                       3^^.................................................^3
                                        \________________________  ________________________/
                                                                 \/
                                        3^^...............................................^3
                                         \_______________________  _______________________/
                                                                 \/
                                         3^^.............................................^3
                                          \______________________  ______________________/
                                                                 \/
                                          3^^...........................................^3
                                           \_____________________  _____________________/
                                                                 \/
                                           3^^.........................................^3
                                            \____________________  ____________________/
                                                                 \/
                                            3^^.......................................^3
                                             \___________________  ___________________/
                                                                 \/
                                             3^^.....................................^3
                                              \__________________  __________________/
                                                                 \/
                                              3^^...................................^3
                                               \_________________  _________________/
                                                                 \/
                                               3^^.................................^3
                                                \________________  ________________/
                                                                 \/
                                                3^^...............................^3
                                                 \_______________  _______________/
                                                                 \/
                                                 3^^.............................^3
                                                  \______________  ______________/
                                                                 \/
                                                  3^^...........................^3
                                                   \_____________  _____________/
                                                                 \/
                                                   3^^.........................^3
                                                    \____________  ____________/
                                                                 \/
                                                    3^^.......................^3
                                                     \___________  ___________/
                                                                 \/
                                                     3^^.....................^3
                                                      \__________  __________/
                                                                 \/
                                                      3^^...................^3
                                                       \_________  _________/
                                                                 \/
                                                       3^^.................^3
                                                        \________  ________/
                                                                 \/
                                                        3^^...............^3
                                                         \_______  _______/
                                                                 \/
                                                         3^^.............^3
                                                          \______  ______/
                                                                 \/
                                                          3^^...........^3
                                                           \_____  _____/
                                                                 \/
                                                           3^^.........^3
                                                            \____  ____/
                                                                 \/
                                                            3^^.......^3
                                                             \___  ___/
                                                                 \/
                                                             3^^.....^3
                                                              \__  __/
                                                                 \/
                                                              3^^...^3
                                                               \_  _/
                                                                 \/
                                                               3^^^^3

Notice that there are 64 layers, that there are no trailing spaces, and that two ^ occur before the dots and only one occurs after.

The MD5 hash of your output should precisely be c84d0e20eac2a7f891ab42a8eb77759f, or 1ad3b10d06e38693436c14958b2c47a8 if there is a trailing newline (which is ok).

The shortest code in bytes wins. Output to stdout. There is no input.

Answer 1

Python, 122

i=63
while i:
 for s in'3^^'+'..'*i+'.^3','\%s  %s/'%(('_'*i,)*2),'\/':print' '*(66-len(s)/2)+s
 i-=1
print' '*63+'3^^^^3'

Example:

$ python grahams.py | md5
1ad3b10d06e38693436c14958b2c47a8

Answer 2

Perl -- 113 (112 + 1 for -E)

---

Golfed:

$.=$"x63,$y="_"x($!=63-$_),$x.=($z=$"x$_)."3^^".".."x$!.".^3$/ $z\\$y  $y/$/ $. \\/$/"for 0..62;say"$x$.3^^^^3"

Ungolfed:

for(0..62) {
    $.=$"x63;
    $!=63-$_;
    $y="_"x$_;
    $z=$"x$!;
    $x.=$z."3^^".".."x$!.".^3$/ $z\\$y  $y/$/ $. \\/$/";
}
say"$x$.3^^^^3"

EDIT: There was an error in string interpolation where perl thought $m3 was a variable, so I had to add 2 characters to fix that. Solved by changing $m to $.

NINJA EDIT: Replaced instances of " " with $". Saves 2 characters

NINJA EDIT 2: Thanks @chilemagic for pointing out that I can use say instead of print with -E to save a character.

NOT-SO-NINJA EDIT 3: @Nax's solution beat my old solution, so I buffed it up a little to hold its ground.

Answer 3

Haskell, 152

(?)=replicate
g 0=["3^^^^3"]
g i=("3^^"++(i*2)?'.'++".^3"):map(' ':)(("\\"++i?'_'++"  "++i?'_'++"/"):((i+1)?' '++"\\/"):g(i-1))
main=putStr.unlines.g$63

Answer 4

CJam - 64

63{SI*3'^_'._63I-:J*_'^3NSI)*'\'_J*_S_@'/NS65*"\/
"}fIS63*3'^4*3

Try it at http://cjam.aditsu.net/

Answer 5

C 161 182

(i think i maxed out this method, maybe i should find a new one that can be golfed down more)
compile as C99!

main(i){for(char d[]={[0 ...126]=46,i=0},l[]={[0 ...62]=95,0};i<63;)printf("3^^%s^3\n%*s\\%s  %s/\n%*s\n%*s",d+2*i++,i,"",l+i,l+i,67,"\\/",i,"");puts("3^^^^3");}

JS 158

r="repeat";o="";u="_";s=" ";(f=i=>i?"3^^"+"."[r](i*2+1)+"^3\n"+s[r](64-i)+"\\"+u[r](i)+s[r](2)+u[r](i)+"/\n"+s[r](65)+"\\/\n"+s[r](64-i)+f(i-1):"3^^^^3")(63);

xem.github.io/obfuscatweet/ 124:

eval(unescape(escape('𬠽𘡲𩑰𩑡𭀢𞱯🐢𘠻𭐽𘡟𘠻𬰽𘠠𘠻𚁦👩🐾𪐿𘠳𧡞𘠫𘠮𘡛𬡝𚁩𚠲𚰱𚐫𘡞𜱜𫠢𚱳𦱲𧐨𝠴𛑩𚐫𘡜𧀢𚱵𦱲𧐨𪐩𚱳𦱲𧐨𜠩𚱵𦱲𧐨𪐩𚰢𛱜𫠢𚱳𦱲𧐨𝠵𚐫𘡜𧀯𧁮𘠫𬱛𬡝𚀶𝀭𪐩𚱦𚁩𛐱𚐺𘠳𧡞𧡞𜰢𚐨𝠳𚐻').replace(/uD./g,'')))

Answer 6

Bash+coreutils, 150

I thought I might be able to do better than this. Oh well.

r()(yes "${2:- }"|head -$[$1]|tr -d '
')
for i in {63..1};{
r 63-$i
echo "3^^`r 2*$i .`.^3
`r 64-$i`\\`r $i _`  `r $i _`/
`r 65`\/"
}
r 63
echo 3^^^^3

Output:

$ ./graham.sh | md5sum
1ad3b10d06e38693436c14958b2c47a8  -
$ 

Answer 7

STATA 135

forv x=63(-1)1{
di _d(63-`x')" ""3^^"_d(2*`x'+1)".""^3"_n_d(64-`x')" ""\"_d(`x')"_""  "_d(`x')"_"_n-d(65)" ""\/"
}
di _d(63)"3^^^^3"

Answer 8

JavaScript 179

n='';a=Array;for(b=64;b>1;)n+=(c=a(65-b).join(' '))+'3^^'+a(2*b).join('.')+'^3\n'+c+' \\'+(u=a(b--).join('_'))+'  '+u+'/\n'+(d=a(64).join(' '))+'  \\/\n'
console.log(n+d+'3^^^^3')

Test it in your browser console or at http://jsfiddle.net/2qwvrvcw/.

Answer 9

Javascript (203)

u="_";s=" ";for(i=64;i>1;i--)console.log(s.repeat(64-i)+"3^^"+".".repeat(i*2-1)+"^3\n"+s.repeat(64-i)+"\\"+u.repeat(i)+s.repeat(2)+u.repeat(i)+"/\n"+s.repeat(65)+"\\/");console.log(s.repeat(63)+"3^^^^3")

Ungolfed:

underscore = "_";
space = " ";
for (i = 64; i > 1; i--) console.log(space.repeat(64 - i) + "3^^" + ".".repeat(i * 2 - 1) + "^3\n" + 
                                     space.repeat(64-i) + "\\" + underscore.repeat(i) + space.repeat(2) + underscore.repeat(i) + "/\n" + 
                                     space.repeat(65) + "\\/");
console.log(space.repeat(63) + "3^^^^3");

Answer 10

C# (212211)

using C=System.Console;class P{static void Main(){for(int i=64;i>1;)C.Write(@"{0}3^^{2}.^3
{0} \{1}  {1}/
{3,65}\/
",new string(' ',64-i),new string('_',--i),new string('.',i*2),"");C.Write("{0,69}","3^^^^3");}}

.Net Fiddle (it seems to require that the class and Main method are public)

Slightly ungolfed:

using C = System.Console;
class Program {
  static void Main() {
    for (int i = 64; i > 1; ) {
      C.Write("{0}3^^{2}.^3\n{0} \\{1}  {1}/\n{3,65}\\/\n",
 new string(' ', 64 - i),
 new string('_', --i),
 new string('.', i * 2), "");
    }
    C.Write("{0,69}", "3^^^^3");
  }
}

Answer 11

Perl, 116 112 109 108 (including -E)

My first attempt at golfing. Please take it as such:

Golfed:

perl -E'map{$_=" $_!^".(($b=63-$_)?"2.$b.$b.^!
 $_ \\_$b 2_$b/
 65\\/":"4!");s#(.)(\d+)#"$1"x$2#eg;y/!/3/;say}0..63'

Very slightly ungolfed (not maintained ... ):

map
{
    $b = 63 - $_;
    $_ = " $_!^".($b
        ? "2.$b.$b.^!N $_ \\_$b 2_$b/N 65\\/"
        : "4!");
    s#(.)(\d+)#"$1"x$2#eg;    # behaves exactly as $_ =~ s/(.)(\d+)/"$1"x$2/eg
    y/!N/3\n/;                  # y == tr, so this does $_ =~ tr/!N/3\n/
    say;                        # once more $_ completion, this does say $_ == print "$_\n"
} (0..63);

Essentially it works like this: for each line of 3s and a brace (these are handled together), it writes their sequence RLE-encoded, then decodes it. The rule is simple: every char followed by a number is expanded to that char that number of times. Characters without a number are left alone. Finally, the character ! denotes a 3 and a N means a newline (3 had to be encoded because it is number and would eagerly participate as the number of repetitions).

Each line of 3s and its brace get an element in the 64-element array the map is generating. Say, like print, can output arrays -- if given an array, it prints all the elements (without any separators).

I used chilemagic's trick with -E. Thanks for it.

Reinforcements: Two 113 byte solutions started to lurk here. RLE shall not succumb without fight!

Cleansing of Feeds: I have now realized that I have no need for a special transliteration of \n, because all strings in Perl are automagically multiple-lined! Thus RLE clings nearer to the Ruby's back! Now at 109 bytes.

Agonizing Enlightment: To count characters properly is harder than I thought. After some struggling, I settled on

echo $((wc -c <<<'golf'-1))

(-1, because it counts a LF at the very end of the script). Moreover I have rearranged my assignments and saved 1 character, hereby settling on 108 bytes.

Answer 12

MATLAB (325)

m=127:-2:0;n=0:63;p='UniformOutput';q=false;f=@ones;g=@arrayfun;a=g(@(x,y)[f(1,y)*' '  '3^^' f(1,x)*'.'  '^3'],m,n,p,q);b=g(@(x,y)[f(1,y+1)*' '  '\' f(1,(x-1)/2)*'_' '  ' f(1,(x-1)/2)*'_' '/'],m,n,p,q);a{64}(a{64}=='.')='^';g(@(x,y)fprintf('%s\n%s\n%s\n',x{:},y{:},[f(1,65)*' ' '\/']),a,b),fprintf(repmat('\b',1,137))

ungolfed:

m=127:-2:0;
n=0:63;
p='UniformOutput';
q=false;
f=@ones;
g=@arrayfun;
a=g(@(x,y)[f(1,y)*' '  '3^^' f(1,x)*'.'  '^3'],m,n,p,q);
b=g(@(x,y)[f(1,y+1)*' '  '\' f(1,(x-1)/2)*'_' '  ' f(1,(x-1)/2)*'_' '/'],m,n,p,q);
a{64}(a{64}=='.')='^';
g(@(x,y)fprintf('%s\n%s\n%s\n',x{:},y{:},[f(1,65)*' ' '\/']),a,b),fprintf(repmat('\b',1,137))

MATLAB (252)

n=0;f=@ones;g=@arrayfun;for i=127:-2:0 if n~=63 y=f(1,i)*'.';else y='^';z='';end;fprintf('%s\n%s\n%s\n',[f(1,n)*' '  '3^^' y  '^3'],[f(1,n+1)*' '  '\' f(1,(i-1)/2)*'_' '  ' f(1,(i-1)/2)*'_' '/'],[f(1,65)*' ' '\/']);n=n+1;end;fprintf(repmat('\b',1,137))

ungolfed:

n=0;  
f=@ones;
g=@arrayfun;
for i=127:-2:0 
    if n~=63 
        y=f(1,i)*'.';
    else y='^';
        z='';
    end
    fprintf('%s\n%s\n%s\n',[f(1,n)*' '  '3^^' y  '^3'],[f(1,n+1)*' '  '\' f(1,(i-1)/2)*'_' '  ' f(1,(i-1)/2)*'_' '/'],[f(1,65)*' ' '\/']);
    n=n+1;
end
fprintf(repmat('\b',1,137))

Answer 13

PHP 214

Thought I was doing alright until I counted the characters, anyway here it is -

<?function a($n,$v=" "){for($j=0;$j<$n;$j++){$r.=$v;}return $r;}for($i=64;$i>1;$i--){$b=a($i-1,"_");$v.=a(64-$i)."3^^".a($i*2-1,".")."^3\n".a(64-$i+1)."\\".$b.a(2).$b."/\n".a(65)."\/\n";}$v.=a(63)."3^^^^3";echo $v;

Answer 14

Lua - 174

p=print a=" "b="_"for i=0,62 do j=63-i p(a:rep(i).."3^^."..(".."):rep(j).."^3")p(a:rep(i+1).."\\"..b:rep(j).."  "..b:rep(j).."/")p(a:rep(65).."\\/")end p(a:rep(63).."3^^^^3")

---

Before that, I got two algorithmically different solutions (both 182 !) :

a=" "b="_"for i=0,62 do j=63-i print(a:rep(i).."3^^."..(".."):rep(j).."^3")print(a:rep(i+1).."\\"..b:rep(j).."  "..b:rep(j).."/")print(a:rep(65).."\\/")end print(a:rep(63).."3^^^^3")

a=" "b="_"i=63 while i>0 do c=b:rep(i/2)for _,s in pairs{"3^^."..(".."):rep(i/2).."^3","\\"..c.."  "..c.."/","\\/"}do print(a:rep(66-#s/2)..s)i=i-1 end end print(a:rep(63).."3^^^^3")